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<p>The use of beneficial microbes is a promising approach for managing <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>lycopersici</i> (Fol), a soilborne pathogen that causes Fusarium wilt in tomato. This study explored the effects of compost microbiomes on tomato growth and resistance to Fol. Moreover, bacteria and fungi were isolated from the compost, studied in terms of their antagonism towards the pathogen, and identified. Seedlings grown in a substrate consisting of 70% peat and 30% compost showed greater shoot length, fresh weight, water content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and root growth than the controls. After being infected with Fol, compost-grown plants had a lower disease severity index and milder symptoms than plants grown without it. Additionally, growth in compost was associated with lower salicylic acid levels in infected plants, which may indicate a modulatory effect on plant immune responses. Three of the 15 bacterial isolates (05JL, 07JL and 11JL) reduced the radial hyphal growth of Fol by up to 60% <i>in vitro</i>. They were identified, morphologically and molecularly, as <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> (05JL and 07JL) and <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> (11JL). Whole-genome sequencing and average nucleotide identity (ANI) confirmed their taxonomic placement and could provide further insight into their biocontrol abilities. Six fungal isolates effectively suppressed Fol <i>in vitro</i>, and scanning electron microscopy revealed parasitic interactions in the form of hyphal coiling. These findings highlight the benefits of compost for tomato growth, as well as the potential of compost-derived microbes for the sustainable management of Fusarium wilt.</p>

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Genomic and functional analysis of compost-isolated Bacillus strains with antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月11日

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  • Julieta Rodriguez-Ambrogio,
  • Marilina Fernandez,
  • Walter Ferrari,
  • Mariana Vezza,
  • Ana Laura Villasuso

摘要

The use of beneficial microbes is a promising approach for managing Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), a soilborne pathogen that causes Fusarium wilt in tomato. This study explored the effects of compost microbiomes on tomato growth and resistance to Fol. Moreover, bacteria and fungi were isolated from the compost, studied in terms of their antagonism towards the pathogen, and identified. Seedlings grown in a substrate consisting of 70% peat and 30% compost showed greater shoot length, fresh weight, water content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and root growth than the controls. After being infected with Fol, compost-grown plants had a lower disease severity index and milder symptoms than plants grown without it. Additionally, growth in compost was associated with lower salicylic acid levels in infected plants, which may indicate a modulatory effect on plant immune responses. Three of the 15 bacterial isolates (05JL, 07JL and 11JL) reduced the radial hyphal growth of Fol by up to 60% in vitro. They were identified, morphologically and molecularly, as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (05JL and 07JL) and Bacillus velezensis (11JL). Whole-genome sequencing and average nucleotide identity (ANI) confirmed their taxonomic placement and could provide further insight into their biocontrol abilities. Six fungal isolates effectively suppressed Fol in vitro, and scanning electron microscopy revealed parasitic interactions in the form of hyphal coiling. These findings highlight the benefits of compost for tomato growth, as well as the potential of compost-derived microbes for the sustainable management of Fusarium wilt.