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<p>Fruit diseases pose a serious threat to product quality and result in significant economic losses. Severe fruit rot was observed on ripe processing tomatoes in the field in Japan. Round, sunken lesions formed on the fruits, with numerous black conidia in the center; the rot eventually expanded, sometimes over the entire fruit. However, the causal agents of this economically destructive disease had not been clarified. Here, we obtained 40 fungal isolates from lesions on symptomatic ripe tomato fruits. Partial sequences of several housekeeping genes were determined for multilocus sequence typing to identify fungal species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that six isolates belonged to <i>Colletotrichum</i> species, whereas the remaining 34 isolates were assigned to <i>Alternaria alternata</i>. This result suggests that <i>A. alternata</i> was the ecologically dominant species in the fruit rot lesions. In the pathogenicity test, all <i>Colletotrichum</i> isolates caused sunken lesions with ochre to blackish colonies on ripe fruits but did not produce symptoms on unripe tomatoes. The <i>A. alternata</i> isolates also caused sunken lesions with white to blackish mould only on ripe fruits. Thus, we conclude that both <i>Colletotrichum</i> and <i>A. alternata</i> isolates are the causal agents of this fruit rot of tomato. Sequential inoculation of ripe tomato fruits with <i>Colletotrichum</i> and <i>A. alternata</i> isolates also caused symptoms similar to those in the field, suggesting that a mixed infection can lead to this severe fruit rot.</p>

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Mixed infection of Colletotrichum species and Alternaria alternata causes fruit rot on processing tomato fruits

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月3日

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  • Atsuki Hariya,
  • Kazuya Maeda,
  • Masaaki Osaka,
  • Eishin Iwao,
  • Sayaka Imano,
  • Satoshi Asano,
  • Yasuyuki Kubo,
  • Yuichiro Iida

摘要

Fruit diseases pose a serious threat to product quality and result in significant economic losses. Severe fruit rot was observed on ripe processing tomatoes in the field in Japan. Round, sunken lesions formed on the fruits, with numerous black conidia in the center; the rot eventually expanded, sometimes over the entire fruit. However, the causal agents of this economically destructive disease had not been clarified. Here, we obtained 40 fungal isolates from lesions on symptomatic ripe tomato fruits. Partial sequences of several housekeeping genes were determined for multilocus sequence typing to identify fungal species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that six isolates belonged to Colletotrichum species, whereas the remaining 34 isolates were assigned to Alternaria alternata. This result suggests that A. alternata was the ecologically dominant species in the fruit rot lesions. In the pathogenicity test, all Colletotrichum isolates caused sunken lesions with ochre to blackish colonies on ripe fruits but did not produce symptoms on unripe tomatoes. The A. alternata isolates also caused sunken lesions with white to blackish mould only on ripe fruits. Thus, we conclude that both Colletotrichum and A. alternata isolates are the causal agents of this fruit rot of tomato. Sequential inoculation of ripe tomato fruits with Colletotrichum and A. alternata isolates also caused symptoms similar to those in the field, suggesting that a mixed infection can lead to this severe fruit rot.