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<p><i>Dichorhavirus coffeae</i> (commonly known as coffee ringspot virus, CoRSV) can cause local or systemic symptoms in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>, depending on the post-inoculation temperature. The cause of this change in movement is still unknown. An increase in temperature and the presence of viruses can alter reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may explain the mechanism enabling systemic movement. The levels of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT)), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were investigated in <i>C. quinoa</i> plants inoculated with CoRSV and kept under two temperature conditions. Six treatments were employed: control (T1 and T4), phosphate buffer inoculation (T2 and T5), and CoRSV inoculation (T3 and T6). After inoculation, plants from treatments T1, T2, and T3 were kept in a greenhouse at an average temperature of 25 ºC, and plants from treatments T4, T5, and T6 were kept in a growth chamber at an average temperature of 28 ºC. Leaf analyses were performed at 0, 3, and 5&#xa0;days after inoculation (DAI). SOD levels remained high in all treatments. However, plants kept at 25 ºC showed higher levels of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and APX activity. Plants with viruses maintained at 28 ºC exhibited reduced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, APX, and CAT levels at 5 DAI, along with high MDA levels. The high amount of MDA present in these plants may indicate that ROS escape the antioxidant system and cause structural damage in <i>C. quinoa</i>, thus facilitating the systemic movement of CoRSV.</p>

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Temperature-dependent oxidative stress and membrane damage correlate with the potential systemic spread of Dichorhavirus coffeae in Chenopodium quinoa

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • Guilherme Chaves de Holanda,
  • Antonia Thalyta Lopes Silveira,
  • José Manoel Ferreira de Lima Cruz,
  • Layla Victória da Silva Sousa,
  • Antonia dos Reis Figueira,
  • Wilson Vicente Souza Pereira,
  • Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos,
  • Claudine Marcia Carvalho

摘要

Dichorhavirus coffeae (commonly known as coffee ringspot virus, CoRSV) can cause local or systemic symptoms in Chenopodium quinoa, depending on the post-inoculation temperature. The cause of this change in movement is still unknown. An increase in temperature and the presence of viruses can alter reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may explain the mechanism enabling systemic movement. The levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT)), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were investigated in C. quinoa plants inoculated with CoRSV and kept under two temperature conditions. Six treatments were employed: control (T1 and T4), phosphate buffer inoculation (T2 and T5), and CoRSV inoculation (T3 and T6). After inoculation, plants from treatments T1, T2, and T3 were kept in a greenhouse at an average temperature of 25 ºC, and plants from treatments T4, T5, and T6 were kept in a growth chamber at an average temperature of 28 ºC. Leaf analyses were performed at 0, 3, and 5 days after inoculation (DAI). SOD levels remained high in all treatments. However, plants kept at 25 ºC showed higher levels of H2O2 and APX activity. Plants with viruses maintained at 28 ºC exhibited reduced H2O2, APX, and CAT levels at 5 DAI, along with high MDA levels. The high amount of MDA present in these plants may indicate that ROS escape the antioxidant system and cause structural damage in C. quinoa, thus facilitating the systemic movement of CoRSV.