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<p>Microbial agents, including bacteria and fungi, have traditionally been used as individual agents for controlling plant pathogens. However, due to the complexity of plant-pathogen interactions, pathogen resistance, and environmental factors, a single antagonist may not provide comprehensive control. In response, microbial consortia, which combine both bacteria and fungi, have emerged as a powerful biological management tool. This study is the first report investigating the compatibility of native fungi and bacteria isolated from the northwestern Himalayan region, leading to the development of three types of consortia: bacteria-bacteria, fungal-fungal, and fungal-bacteria. These consortia were evaluated against key tomato fungal pathogens, such as <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i>, <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>lycopersici</i>, and <i>Pythium ultimum</i>, which cause damping-off and wilt. Under both pot and field conditions, all consortia combinations significantly reduced disease incidence and promoted plant growth. Notably, consortia of <i>Trichoderma atroviride</i> + <i>Trichoderma lixii</i> and <i>Trichoderma atroviride</i> + <i>Priestia megaterium</i> + <i>Bacillus cereus</i> demonstrated the highest efficacy, reducing disease incidence by 18.88–48.88% and increasing seedling growth, with improved shoot length (16.51 cm) and weight (3.20 g). These promising results suggest that microbial consortia hold significant promise as a sustainable strategy for tomato crop protection and growth promotion, with potential for broader application in other agricultural systems. Future work should focus on optimizing consortia combinations for different crops, evaluating their long-term effectiveness in diverse environmental conditions, and exploring their compatibility with other cultivation practices.</p>

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Development and assessment of microbial consortia for sustainable control of tomato fungal pathogens and improved plant vigour: First report from the Northwestern Himalayas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月27日

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  • S. Bhardwaj,
  • S. Chandel

摘要

Microbial agents, including bacteria and fungi, have traditionally been used as individual agents for controlling plant pathogens. However, due to the complexity of plant-pathogen interactions, pathogen resistance, and environmental factors, a single antagonist may not provide comprehensive control. In response, microbial consortia, which combine both bacteria and fungi, have emerged as a powerful biological management tool. This study is the first report investigating the compatibility of native fungi and bacteria isolated from the northwestern Himalayan region, leading to the development of three types of consortia: bacteria-bacteria, fungal-fungal, and fungal-bacteria. These consortia were evaluated against key tomato fungal pathogens, such as Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, and Pythium ultimum, which cause damping-off and wilt. Under both pot and field conditions, all consortia combinations significantly reduced disease incidence and promoted plant growth. Notably, consortia of Trichoderma atroviride + Trichoderma lixii and Trichoderma atroviride + Priestia megaterium + Bacillus cereus demonstrated the highest efficacy, reducing disease incidence by 18.88–48.88% and increasing seedling growth, with improved shoot length (16.51 cm) and weight (3.20 g). These promising results suggest that microbial consortia hold significant promise as a sustainable strategy for tomato crop protection and growth promotion, with potential for broader application in other agricultural systems. Future work should focus on optimizing consortia combinations for different crops, evaluating their long-term effectiveness in diverse environmental conditions, and exploring their compatibility with other cultivation practices.