<p>Allelopathic exudates (AE) with high concentration have emerged as a significant challenge hindering the sustainable Asarum cropping. However, rhizosphere microorganisms possess considerable potential in mitigating toxicity of these AE. This study aims to investigate the sources of AE in the rhizosphere of Asarum by considering the effects of five potential AEs on cucumber seedling growth. Through the isolation and identification of fungi in the rhizosphere, five genera of fungi were selected. By analyzing the relationships among these fungi, a detailed relationship diagram of the microbial community for dominant strains was constructed. An experiment was designed based on combinations of multiple strains to enhance the proportion of individual fungi. The impact of each treatment on AE and plant growth parameters was investigated. The results indicated that stem decomposed liquids (STD), root decomposed liquids (ROD), and root exudates (ROE) are the primary sources of plant growth inhibition. R-PES + demonstrated a particularly prominent role compared to other fungal treatments in alleviating the negative effects of AEs. R-PES + regulates soil microecology by competitively occupying ecological niches and limiting nutrient availability, thereby suppressing pathogenic bacterial proliferation and reducing the release of phytotoxic AE. However, the functional potential of individual microbial strains is constrained within multispecies strains. This may explain the observation that single strain cultures demonstrate significant efficacy under controlled laboratory conditions but frequently underperform in field applications.</p>