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<p>Banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) is a destructive fungal disease that significantly reduces maize yields in Haryana, India. To address this challenge, the present study evaluated the effectiveness of various integrated disease management (IDM) practices on the susceptible maize hybrid “Vivek QPM 9” during the <i>Kharif</i> seasons (June—October) of 2020 and 2021, under field conditions, considering weather parameters. The trials were conducted at CCSHAU, Regional Research Station, Uchani, Karnal. During both the <i>Kharif</i> seasons, BLSB symptoms were first observed in the 32<sup>nd</sup> and 31<sup>th</sup> standard meteorological week (SMWs), with peak disease severity recorded in the 38<sup>th</sup> and 36<sup>th</sup> SMWs, respectively. All the IDM treatments significantly reduced disease severity and improved grain yield compared to the untreated control, over both years. The most effective treatment, T7 (a combination of a soil amendment with <i>Trichoderma</i> formulation @ 6t/acre farm yard manure (FYM), seed priming of <i>Trichoderma</i> formulation @20&#xa0;g/kg, seed priming with salicylic acid @100&#xa0;ppm, leaf stripping at 35&#xa0;days after sowing (DAS), foliar application of neem leaf extract @10% and azoxystrobin 18.2% + difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC @0.1% (1&#xa0;ml/L)), reduced disease severity by 69.28% and achieved the highest grain yield of 4827&#xa0;kg/ha (pooled mean). Treatment T6 (leaf stripping at 35 DAS and foliar application of azoxystrobin 18.2% + difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC @0.1% (1&#xa0;ml/L)) also showed high efficacy against BLSB and enhanced yields by 62.08%. Overall, higher grain yields were observed in <i>Kharif</i> 2020, which had less rainfall (825&#xa0;mm) and moderate relative humidity (74.23%), compared to <i>Kharif</i> 2021. Although treatment T7 yielded the highest grain yield, its high input costs resulted in a lower benefit:cost (B:C) ratio, limiting its economic return. In contrast, treatment T6 proved to be the most economically efficient, with the highest B:C ratio of 1.25 and a net return of Rs. 47,322/ha. These findings highlight the need to prioritize IDM treatment that are not only biologically effective but also economically viable, making them suitable for adoption as innovative solutions in BLSB disease management.</p>

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Impact of weather parameters and integrated disease management practices on banded leaf and sheath blight (caused by Rhizoctonia solani f. sp. sasakii) and grain yield of maize

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

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  • Parvesh Kumar,
  • Rakesh Mehra,
  • Poonam Kumari,
  • Prashant Chauhan,
  • Rakesh Kumar,
  • Harbinder Singh,
  • Vishal Gandhi,
  • Mahaveer Singh Bochalya,
  • Ashish Jain,
  • Sumit

摘要

Banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) is a destructive fungal disease that significantly reduces maize yields in Haryana, India. To address this challenge, the present study evaluated the effectiveness of various integrated disease management (IDM) practices on the susceptible maize hybrid “Vivek QPM 9” during the Kharif seasons (June—October) of 2020 and 2021, under field conditions, considering weather parameters. The trials were conducted at CCSHAU, Regional Research Station, Uchani, Karnal. During both the Kharif seasons, BLSB symptoms were first observed in the 32nd and 31th standard meteorological week (SMWs), with peak disease severity recorded in the 38th and 36th SMWs, respectively. All the IDM treatments significantly reduced disease severity and improved grain yield compared to the untreated control, over both years. The most effective treatment, T7 (a combination of a soil amendment with Trichoderma formulation @ 6t/acre farm yard manure (FYM), seed priming of Trichoderma formulation @20 g/kg, seed priming with salicylic acid @100 ppm, leaf stripping at 35 days after sowing (DAS), foliar application of neem leaf extract @10% and azoxystrobin 18.2% + difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC @0.1% (1 ml/L)), reduced disease severity by 69.28% and achieved the highest grain yield of 4827 kg/ha (pooled mean). Treatment T6 (leaf stripping at 35 DAS and foliar application of azoxystrobin 18.2% + difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC @0.1% (1 ml/L)) also showed high efficacy against BLSB and enhanced yields by 62.08%. Overall, higher grain yields were observed in Kharif 2020, which had less rainfall (825 mm) and moderate relative humidity (74.23%), compared to Kharif 2021. Although treatment T7 yielded the highest grain yield, its high input costs resulted in a lower benefit:cost (B:C) ratio, limiting its economic return. In contrast, treatment T6 proved to be the most economically efficient, with the highest B:C ratio of 1.25 and a net return of Rs. 47,322/ha. These findings highlight the need to prioritize IDM treatment that are not only biologically effective but also economically viable, making them suitable for adoption as innovative solutions in BLSB disease management.