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<p>This study aims to investigate the effect of milling on the natural radioactivity of Egyptian zircon sand, focusing on the gross alpha (α) and goss beta (β) activity concentrations, with additional evaluation of calcination and sulfuric acid leaching. Zircon samples were milled for different durations, and their gross α and gross β activity concentrations were measured using an ATOMTEX AT1329 sample counter. The measurements showed that both gross α and gross β apparent activity concentrations increased with milling time, reaching maximum values of 3.5 ± 1.4&#xa0;Bq/g and 7.2 ± 2.2&#xa0;Bq/g, respectively, in the sample milled for 36&#xa0;h. These values increased to 7.7 ± 3.1&#xa0;Bq/g and 14.72 ± 4.4&#xa0;Bq/g after calcination, while acid leaching resulted in a pronounced decrease in these values to 4.5 ± 1.7&#xa0;Bq/g for alpha and 9.6 ± 2.9&#xa0;Bq/g for beta. Milling reduces particle size and increases the escape probability of α and β particles from the sample bulk, while calcination removes the polyamide layer formed during milling, which acts as a barrier to particle detection. These findings highlight the potential radiation hazards associated with zircon sand processing to safeguard occupational health and environmental safety in industries working with this material.</p>

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Effect of milling on natural radioactivity of Egyptian zircon sand: an assessment of alpha and beta radiation emissions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月15日

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  • Kolthoum I. Othman,
  • Ola Makld,
  • Mahmoud A. Mosleh,
  • M. El-Sayed Ali,
  • S. El-Houte

摘要

This study aims to investigate the effect of milling on the natural radioactivity of Egyptian zircon sand, focusing on the gross alpha (α) and goss beta (β) activity concentrations, with additional evaluation of calcination and sulfuric acid leaching. Zircon samples were milled for different durations, and their gross α and gross β activity concentrations were measured using an ATOMTEX AT1329 sample counter. The measurements showed that both gross α and gross β apparent activity concentrations increased with milling time, reaching maximum values of 3.5 ± 1.4 Bq/g and 7.2 ± 2.2 Bq/g, respectively, in the sample milled for 36 h. These values increased to 7.7 ± 3.1 Bq/g and 14.72 ± 4.4 Bq/g after calcination, while acid leaching resulted in a pronounced decrease in these values to 4.5 ± 1.7 Bq/g for alpha and 9.6 ± 2.9 Bq/g for beta. Milling reduces particle size and increases the escape probability of α and β particles from the sample bulk, while calcination removes the polyamide layer formed during milling, which acts as a barrier to particle detection. These findings highlight the potential radiation hazards associated with zircon sand processing to safeguard occupational health and environmental safety in industries working with this material.