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<p>Chromium is a common contaminant in mineral soils and poses a severe threat to ecosystems and human health. Immobilization/stabilization is an efficient approach for in-situ remediation of Cr-contaminated soil, but more cost-effective and efficient immobilizing materials, particularly for soils with high Cr concentration, are still urgently needed. Herein, a novel carbon-based composite was developed using nitrogen-modified porous carbon (U-PC) and chitosan/zero-valent iron-modified porous carbon (CS-nZVI-PC). Stabilization experiment showed that CS-nZVI-PC exhibits better performance than U-PC in remediating Cr (VI) contaminated soil. The immobilization efficiencies of U-PC and CS-nZVI-PC after 28 d of treatment are 46.68% and 99.61%, respectively. Additionally, the active exchangeable and carbonate-bound forms of Cr reduce from 36.23% in the untreated group to 16.80% in the CS-nZVI-PC-treated group, while the stable organic combined and residue fractions of Cr increase from 63.77 to 83.20%. Mechanism studies for CS-nZVI-PC revealed that a combination of surface functional groups and reduction of hexavalent chromium plays the synergistic interaction between chitosan/carbon and zero-valent iron material during immobilizing. The main role in the immobilization process is the N-containing and O-containing functional groups of chitosan and carbon materials, as well as the enhanced reduction effect of zero-valent iron and Fe (II).</p>

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Carbon-based composite for treatment of chromium contaminated soil: Performance and mechanisms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Haipeng Li,
  • Hang Zhao,
  • Dongxiang Chen

摘要

Chromium is a common contaminant in mineral soils and poses a severe threat to ecosystems and human health. Immobilization/stabilization is an efficient approach for in-situ remediation of Cr-contaminated soil, but more cost-effective and efficient immobilizing materials, particularly for soils with high Cr concentration, are still urgently needed. Herein, a novel carbon-based composite was developed using nitrogen-modified porous carbon (U-PC) and chitosan/zero-valent iron-modified porous carbon (CS-nZVI-PC). Stabilization experiment showed that CS-nZVI-PC exhibits better performance than U-PC in remediating Cr (VI) contaminated soil. The immobilization efficiencies of U-PC and CS-nZVI-PC after 28 d of treatment are 46.68% and 99.61%, respectively. Additionally, the active exchangeable and carbonate-bound forms of Cr reduce from 36.23% in the untreated group to 16.80% in the CS-nZVI-PC-treated group, while the stable organic combined and residue fractions of Cr increase from 63.77 to 83.20%. Mechanism studies for CS-nZVI-PC revealed that a combination of surface functional groups and reduction of hexavalent chromium plays the synergistic interaction between chitosan/carbon and zero-valent iron material during immobilizing. The main role in the immobilization process is the N-containing and O-containing functional groups of chitosan and carbon materials, as well as the enhanced reduction effect of zero-valent iron and Fe (II).