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<p>Currently, cadmium pollution poses a serious threat to human health and the ecological environment. In recent years, coal-based humic acid residue (HAS) has attracted widespread attention due to its adsorption properties. In this study, HAS was used as raw material to prepare KMnO<sub>4</sub> modified coal-based humic acid residue (K-HAS). Through adsorption experiments and characterization analyses (SEM, XPS, XRD, and FTIR), the adsorption process and mechanism of K-HAS toward Cd<sup>2</sup>⁺ in water were investigated. Through field trials, the effects of different K-HAS treatments on the physicochemical properties and cadmium content of cadmium-contaminated soil were investigated. The results indicate that the adsorption of Cd<sup>2</sup>⁺ by K-HAS follows quasi-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir adsorption model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 121.61 ± 1.0665&#xa0;mg·g<sup>−1</sup>. The adsorption process is an exothermic, spontaneous reaction dominated by chemical adsorption; After five adsorption–desorption cycles, the removal efficiency of K-HAS for Cd<sup>2</sup>⁺ remained above 65%, demonstrating stable cyclic adsorption performance; the site energy distribution (SED) indicates that Cd<sup>2</sup>⁺ preferentially occupies high-energy adsorption sites on K-HAS before occupying low-energy sites, and increased temperature promotes the reaction; Field trials indicated that, compared with the control group, K-HAS treatment significantly reduced cadmium content in corn seeds (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) by 10.67–20.60% and significantly reduced cadmium content in soil (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) by 15.1–23.47%; the optimal application rate of K-HAS was 0.4&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup>. In summary, K-HAS can serve as an effective adsorbent for treating cadmium pollution in water and soil.</p>

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KMnO4-modified coal-based humic acid residue for Cd2+ removal: preparation, adsorption performance and mechanism

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月14日

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  • Yingnan Wang,
  • Hui Liu,
  • Weike Wang,
  • Huang Wang,
  • Jingru Wang,
  • Fei Zhang,
  • Bingtao Yin

摘要

Currently, cadmium pollution poses a serious threat to human health and the ecological environment. In recent years, coal-based humic acid residue (HAS) has attracted widespread attention due to its adsorption properties. In this study, HAS was used as raw material to prepare KMnO4 modified coal-based humic acid residue (K-HAS). Through adsorption experiments and characterization analyses (SEM, XPS, XRD, and FTIR), the adsorption process and mechanism of K-HAS toward Cd2⁺ in water were investigated. Through field trials, the effects of different K-HAS treatments on the physicochemical properties and cadmium content of cadmium-contaminated soil were investigated. The results indicate that the adsorption of Cd2⁺ by K-HAS follows quasi-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir adsorption model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 121.61 ± 1.0665 mg·g−1. The adsorption process is an exothermic, spontaneous reaction dominated by chemical adsorption; After five adsorption–desorption cycles, the removal efficiency of K-HAS for Cd2⁺ remained above 65%, demonstrating stable cyclic adsorption performance; the site energy distribution (SED) indicates that Cd2⁺ preferentially occupies high-energy adsorption sites on K-HAS before occupying low-energy sites, and increased temperature promotes the reaction; Field trials indicated that, compared with the control group, K-HAS treatment significantly reduced cadmium content in corn seeds (p < 0.05) by 10.67–20.60% and significantly reduced cadmium content in soil (p < 0.05) by 15.1–23.47%; the optimal application rate of K-HAS was 0.4 kg/m2. In summary, K-HAS can serve as an effective adsorbent for treating cadmium pollution in water and soil.