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<p>The present investigation optimized and validated a modified QuEChERS analytical technique for extraction of residues from broccoli and soil matrices. Method validation demonstrated excellent linearity, no matrix effect (&lt; 20%), recovery ranged between 80.26–102.52%, RSD &lt; 20%, and LOQ of 0.01&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup> ensuring accurate, precise, and sensitive residue detection in food and environmental samples as per European Union guidelines. 1st order dissipation kinetics model was best fitted with half-life of 1.97–2.61&#xa0;days (chlorfenapyr), 2.29–2.67&#xa0;days (fenvalerate), and 1.23–1.69&#xa0;days (tolfenpyrad) on broccoli. The residues were below LOQ within 10–20&#xa0;days, depending on insecticide and dose, while soil residues were below LOQ at harvest, indicating minimal persistence behaviour and reduced risk of environmental contamination. Dietary risk assessment revealed estimated daily intakes were well within acceptable safety thresholds, suggesting negligible acute and chronic health risks to the consumers. Furthermore, simple household practices, particularly immersion in 5% NaHCO<sub>3</sub> (46.94–69.75% reduction), significantly reduces surface residues, further lowering potential dietary exposure. Overall, the integrated evaluation of residue kinetics, soil contamination, dietary risk and mitigation strategies demonstrates that judicious use of these insecticides on broccoli poses a low risk to environment and public health. This study provides scientifically robust basis for the formulation of safer pesticide management strategies and evidence based, risk informed regulatory framework.</p>

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Tandem mass spectrometry based study on the dissipation behaviour, dietary risk assessment and decontamination of chlorfenapyr, fenvalerate, and tolfenpyrad residues in broccoli

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月20日

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  • Sapna Katna,
  • Preeti Bansal,
  • Ajay Sharma,
  • Tanuja Banshtu,
  • Nisha Devi,
  • Arvind Kumar,
  • Shubhra Singh,
  • Sakshi Sharma,
  • Ankur Tomar

摘要

The present investigation optimized and validated a modified QuEChERS analytical technique for extraction of residues from broccoli and soil matrices. Method validation demonstrated excellent linearity, no matrix effect (< 20%), recovery ranged between 80.26–102.52%, RSD < 20%, and LOQ of 0.01 mg kg−1 ensuring accurate, precise, and sensitive residue detection in food and environmental samples as per European Union guidelines. 1st order dissipation kinetics model was best fitted with half-life of 1.97–2.61 days (chlorfenapyr), 2.29–2.67 days (fenvalerate), and 1.23–1.69 days (tolfenpyrad) on broccoli. The residues were below LOQ within 10–20 days, depending on insecticide and dose, while soil residues were below LOQ at harvest, indicating minimal persistence behaviour and reduced risk of environmental contamination. Dietary risk assessment revealed estimated daily intakes were well within acceptable safety thresholds, suggesting negligible acute and chronic health risks to the consumers. Furthermore, simple household practices, particularly immersion in 5% NaHCO3 (46.94–69.75% reduction), significantly reduces surface residues, further lowering potential dietary exposure. Overall, the integrated evaluation of residue kinetics, soil contamination, dietary risk and mitigation strategies demonstrates that judicious use of these insecticides on broccoli poses a low risk to environment and public health. This study provides scientifically robust basis for the formulation of safer pesticide management strategies and evidence based, risk informed regulatory framework.