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<p>Rare earth elements (REEs) are widely used as tracers in many fields of geoscience research to study material sources and evolutionary processes. Therefore, this study collected a total of 85 groundwater samples from the Huainan Coalfield, It systematically investigated the geochemical characteristics of REEs in different aquifers. The research indicate that the main hydrochemical types of groundwater are Cl–Na and Cl–HCO<sub>3</sub>–Na facies. The average ∑REE concentrations in the roof sandstone water of the No. 9 coal seam, Ordovician limestone water, Taihui limestone water, and goaf water are 0.4576&#xa0;μg/L, 0.2170&#xa0;μg/L, 0.2235&#xa0;μg/L, and 0.7230&#xa0;μg/L, respectively, all lower than the world river average of 0.7450&#xa0;μg/L. With the exception of goaf water, all other aquifers show ∑HREE &gt; ∑LREE. The REE partitioning pattern diagram reveals a certain degree of negative Ce anomaly and positive Eu anomaly in the groundwater of the study area. Correlations exist between REEs and conventional components in the various aquifers, leading to the inference that the geochemical characteristics of REEs are collectively influenced by carbonate complexation, adsorption–desorption, water–rock interactions, and redox reactions. The ∑REE-δEu diagram shows that the Ordovician limestone water has low ∑REE and δEu values, while the other three aquifers exhibit elevated ∑REE and δEu, potentially related to water–rock interactions.The Absolute Principal Component Score-Multiple Linear Regression(APCS-MLR) model identified four sources: Source 1 represents the mineral factor, contributing 17.16%. Source 2 represents the anthropogenic factor, contributing 33.07%. Source 3 represents the weathering factor, contributing 48.05%. Source 4 represents an unknown source, contributing 1.72%, which is speculated to potentially be influenced by shallow groundwater recharge.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Analysis of the sources of rare earth elements in deep groundwater of the Huainan Coalfield based on the ACPS-MLR model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Jiawen Chen,
  • Tao Jiang,
  • Qingsong Ge,
  • Tianqi Ma,
  • Jiyang Zhao,
  • Liugen Zheng,
  • Xianjie Fu,
  • Shaoneng Du

摘要

Rare earth elements (REEs) are widely used as tracers in many fields of geoscience research to study material sources and evolutionary processes. Therefore, this study collected a total of 85 groundwater samples from the Huainan Coalfield, It systematically investigated the geochemical characteristics of REEs in different aquifers. The research indicate that the main hydrochemical types of groundwater are Cl–Na and Cl–HCO3–Na facies. The average ∑REE concentrations in the roof sandstone water of the No. 9 coal seam, Ordovician limestone water, Taihui limestone water, and goaf water are 0.4576 μg/L, 0.2170 μg/L, 0.2235 μg/L, and 0.7230 μg/L, respectively, all lower than the world river average of 0.7450 μg/L. With the exception of goaf water, all other aquifers show ∑HREE > ∑LREE. The REE partitioning pattern diagram reveals a certain degree of negative Ce anomaly and positive Eu anomaly in the groundwater of the study area. Correlations exist between REEs and conventional components in the various aquifers, leading to the inference that the geochemical characteristics of REEs are collectively influenced by carbonate complexation, adsorption–desorption, water–rock interactions, and redox reactions. The ∑REE-δEu diagram shows that the Ordovician limestone water has low ∑REE and δEu values, while the other three aquifers exhibit elevated ∑REE and δEu, potentially related to water–rock interactions.The Absolute Principal Component Score-Multiple Linear Regression(APCS-MLR) model identified four sources: Source 1 represents the mineral factor, contributing 17.16%. Source 2 represents the anthropogenic factor, contributing 33.07%. Source 3 represents the weathering factor, contributing 48.05%. Source 4 represents an unknown source, contributing 1.72%, which is speculated to potentially be influenced by shallow groundwater recharge.

Graphical abstract