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<p>Understanding soil properties is essential for optimizing land use and rehabilitating degraded soils in industrial towns. In this study, 27 physical, chemical and biological soil properties from topsoil (0–20&#xa0;cm) of paddy (PF), vegetable (VF) and abandoned fields (AF) were measured and calculated the soil quality index (SQI). Results showed PF had higher soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), alkaline nitrogen (AN), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and total water-soluble salts (TWS) than VF and AF, while AF exhibited higher soil pH, bulk density (BD), and available phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK). Soil Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in VF were higher than those in PF and AF. Enzyme activities (<i>α</i>-glucosidase, AG; <i>β</i>-glucosidase, BG; <i>β</i>-<i>D</i>-cellobiosidase, CB; xylanase, XYL; <i>β</i>-<i>N</i>-acetyl glucosaminidase, NAG) in PF were 9.8–71.8% higher than in VF and AF. Among the three land-use types, bacterial abundance in PF was the highest, while fungal abundance in AF was the highest. PF (0.63) exhibited higher SQI values compared to VF (0.49) and AF (0.51), with overall soil quality in the industrial town graded medium to low. Random forest model identified soil biological properties (AG, BG, CB, XYL, fungal abundance, and bacterial diversity) and heavy metals (As, Ni, and Zn) significantly affected SQI, with CB showing the strongest effect in industrial towns (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). These findings indicate that integrated agronomic practices aimed at enhancing soil microbial diversity, abundance, and activity and mitigating heavy metal contamination can effectively improve the soil quality of industrial towns.</p>

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Investigation of soil physical, chemical and biological indicators in industrial towns: a case study in a Chinese town

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月4日

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  • Caixia Liu,
  • Qingying Gao,
  • Shuhe Zhang,
  • Linhui Liao,
  • Jingjing Chen,
  • Liang Wang

摘要

Understanding soil properties is essential for optimizing land use and rehabilitating degraded soils in industrial towns. In this study, 27 physical, chemical and biological soil properties from topsoil (0–20 cm) of paddy (PF), vegetable (VF) and abandoned fields (AF) were measured and calculated the soil quality index (SQI). Results showed PF had higher soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), alkaline nitrogen (AN), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and total water-soluble salts (TWS) than VF and AF, while AF exhibited higher soil pH, bulk density (BD), and available phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK). Soil Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in VF were higher than those in PF and AF. Enzyme activities (α-glucosidase, AG; β-glucosidase, BG; β-D-cellobiosidase, CB; xylanase, XYL; β-N-acetyl glucosaminidase, NAG) in PF were 9.8–71.8% higher than in VF and AF. Among the three land-use types, bacterial abundance in PF was the highest, while fungal abundance in AF was the highest. PF (0.63) exhibited higher SQI values compared to VF (0.49) and AF (0.51), with overall soil quality in the industrial town graded medium to low. Random forest model identified soil biological properties (AG, BG, CB, XYL, fungal abundance, and bacterial diversity) and heavy metals (As, Ni, and Zn) significantly affected SQI, with CB showing the strongest effect in industrial towns (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that integrated agronomic practices aimed at enhancing soil microbial diversity, abundance, and activity and mitigating heavy metal contamination can effectively improve the soil quality of industrial towns.