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<p>Reservoirs on sediment-laden rivers frequently face severe sedimentation, reducing effective storage capacity and impairing overall functionality. As key reregulation structures, these reservoirs are designed to stabilize highly variable flows from upstream hydropower plants; however, sediment releases during flushing operations from upstream impose significant morphological impacts on their basins. This study examines the morphological evolution processes and mechanisms in the Xixiayuan Reservoir on the Yellow River following sharp increases in sediment input. Key findings indicate that: (1) reservoir morphology was highly sensitive to incoming water–sediment conditions, with particularly intense sediment loads during 2018–2020 triggering a shift from multi-thread channels to a single dominant pathway; (2) central sandbars, including Liandi and Xi Flats, played a pivotal role in steering and constraining flow pathway development; (3) channel evolution was dominated by depositional mechanisms, especially during 2018–2020 when coarse sediment deposition from upstream releases caused main-secondary channel shifts; (4) riverbed stability increased until its peak in 2020, followed by a recent slight decline; (5) for efficient sediment management, lowering the forewater level during flushing events and implementing joint Xiaolangdi–Xixiayuan operations are critically recommended. This study provides both theoretical understanding and practical strategies for sediment management in the Xixiayuan Reservoir, with the proposed operational framework offering valuable insights for managing similar sediment-laden reservoirs worldwide.</p>

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Spatiotemporal evolution of flow pathways and optimization of operation strategies in the reservoir area: a case study of the Xixiayuan Reservoir on the Yellow River

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • Qiang Wang,
  • Like Li,
  • Fujian Li,
  • Haodong Wu,
  • Xinjie Li

摘要

Reservoirs on sediment-laden rivers frequently face severe sedimentation, reducing effective storage capacity and impairing overall functionality. As key reregulation structures, these reservoirs are designed to stabilize highly variable flows from upstream hydropower plants; however, sediment releases during flushing operations from upstream impose significant morphological impacts on their basins. This study examines the morphological evolution processes and mechanisms in the Xixiayuan Reservoir on the Yellow River following sharp increases in sediment input. Key findings indicate that: (1) reservoir morphology was highly sensitive to incoming water–sediment conditions, with particularly intense sediment loads during 2018–2020 triggering a shift from multi-thread channels to a single dominant pathway; (2) central sandbars, including Liandi and Xi Flats, played a pivotal role in steering and constraining flow pathway development; (3) channel evolution was dominated by depositional mechanisms, especially during 2018–2020 when coarse sediment deposition from upstream releases caused main-secondary channel shifts; (4) riverbed stability increased until its peak in 2020, followed by a recent slight decline; (5) for efficient sediment management, lowering the forewater level during flushing events and implementing joint Xiaolangdi–Xixiayuan operations are critically recommended. This study provides both theoretical understanding and practical strategies for sediment management in the Xixiayuan Reservoir, with the proposed operational framework offering valuable insights for managing similar sediment-laden reservoirs worldwide.