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<p>Arctic ecosystems are known to accumulate pollutants that may originate both from natural sources and industrial activities. Despite this concern, there is a lack of comprehensive biomonitoring studies in these regions, particularly regarding polar herbivores. It is noteworthy that the reindeer (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i> L., 1758), a species of particular importance in the Arctic, has received only limited research attention in the Russian Arctic. This study aims to evaluate the concentrations of several metals—Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn—in the winter hair of reindeer across three Arctic regions in Russia: the Murmansk Oblast (MO, <i>n</i> = 29), the Republic of Karelia (RK, <i>n</i> = 7), and the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO, <i>n</i> = 9) from 2012 to 2022. Metal concentrations were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Our findings indicate that the accumulation of metals in reindeer hair is significantly influenced by habitat. Specifically, reindeer from the MO exhibited markedly higher concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, and Zn compared to those from the YNAO. Additionally, Co levels in reindeer hair were significantly elevated in the MO compared to the RK, while Zn levels were higher in the RK relative to the YNAO. No significant differences were observed in the concentrations of Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, and Pb across the three regions. The observed variations in metal concentrations can be linked to both geochemical factors and anthropogenic influences impacting the local ecosystems. Notably, the MO site is characterized by significant mineral reserves and substantial anthropogenic pressures, which likely contribute to the elevated metal levels detected in the reindeer from this region.</p>

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Concentrations of the essential and toxic metals in the winter hair of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) from the Russian Arctic

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月18日

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  • Svetlana Kalinina,
  • Viktor Ilyukha,
  • Danila Panchenko,
  • Natalia Sokolova,
  • Kseniya Nikerova,
  • Alexandra Terekhina,
  • Alexander Volkovitskiy

摘要

Arctic ecosystems are known to accumulate pollutants that may originate both from natural sources and industrial activities. Despite this concern, there is a lack of comprehensive biomonitoring studies in these regions, particularly regarding polar herbivores. It is noteworthy that the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L., 1758), a species of particular importance in the Arctic, has received only limited research attention in the Russian Arctic. This study aims to evaluate the concentrations of several metals—Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn—in the winter hair of reindeer across three Arctic regions in Russia: the Murmansk Oblast (MO, n = 29), the Republic of Karelia (RK, n = 7), and the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO, n = 9) from 2012 to 2022. Metal concentrations were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Our findings indicate that the accumulation of metals in reindeer hair is significantly influenced by habitat. Specifically, reindeer from the MO exhibited markedly higher concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, and Zn compared to those from the YNAO. Additionally, Co levels in reindeer hair were significantly elevated in the MO compared to the RK, while Zn levels were higher in the RK relative to the YNAO. No significant differences were observed in the concentrations of Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, and Pb across the three regions. The observed variations in metal concentrations can be linked to both geochemical factors and anthropogenic influences impacting the local ecosystems. Notably, the MO site is characterized by significant mineral reserves and substantial anthropogenic pressures, which likely contribute to the elevated metal levels detected in the reindeer from this region.