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<p>Experimental laboratory studies were carried out on fresh-water Prussian carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i> Bloch, 1782) and common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>) to determine the role of the protein CRMP2 in the adaptation of these freshwater fish to a brackish water environment. In the first experiment, Prussian carp were randomly assigned to a control group without preconditioning, and an experimental group kept in water containing 5‰ Na Cl for 48 hours. Both groups were challenged in a water maze with one of the compartments filled with brackish water (BWC), and the other with fresh water (FWC). Controls chose the FWC, while the experimental specimens chose BWC. In the second experiment, Prussian carp were assigned to a control group without preconditioning and two preconditioned groups. A positive control group received an intra-cerebral administration of non-immune γ-globulins and an experimental group received an administration of anti-CRMP2 antibodies. After 17 hours the non-preconditioned control group chose the FWC in the water maze, the preconditioned control specimens that received the non-immune γ-globulins chose the BWC and the experimental specimens receiving the anti-CRMP2 antibodies chose the FWC. In the third experiment, Prussian carp were kept in fresh water (control group) or preconditioned in 5‰ NaCl (experimental group). After 48 hours the animals were sacrificed, the brains and livers were removed and CRMP2 levels were measured with the ELISA-test which showed upregulation in the brains of preconditioned animals. In the fourth experiment, common carp were assigned to three groups including a control group with no injection, a second control group that received an intra-cerebral administration of inactive CRMP2, and an experimental group that received an administration of CRMP2. HSP70 upregulation was revealed in the muscles and in the livers of the experimental animals 4 hours after the injection of CRMP2. In conclusion we show that brain CRMP2 plays a role in adaptation of freshwater fish to a brackish water environment through the upregulation of HSP70 in the peripheral tissues.</p>

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The role of brain CRMP2 in adaptation of freshwater Prussian carp to increased salinity and its effect on HSP70 levels in common carp

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Arif A. Mekhtiev,
  • Namig J. Mustafayev,
  • Gunay G. Rahimova,
  • Nailya I. Garayeva,
  • Turana S. Khudiyeva,
  • Latafat I. Mammadova,
  • Gulustan A. Azizova,
  • Khasafat M. Safarov,
  • Gulshan B. Mustafayeva

摘要

Experimental laboratory studies were carried out on fresh-water Prussian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch, 1782) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to determine the role of the protein CRMP2 in the adaptation of these freshwater fish to a brackish water environment. In the first experiment, Prussian carp were randomly assigned to a control group without preconditioning, and an experimental group kept in water containing 5‰ Na Cl for 48 hours. Both groups were challenged in a water maze with one of the compartments filled with brackish water (BWC), and the other with fresh water (FWC). Controls chose the FWC, while the experimental specimens chose BWC. In the second experiment, Prussian carp were assigned to a control group without preconditioning and two preconditioned groups. A positive control group received an intra-cerebral administration of non-immune γ-globulins and an experimental group received an administration of anti-CRMP2 antibodies. After 17 hours the non-preconditioned control group chose the FWC in the water maze, the preconditioned control specimens that received the non-immune γ-globulins chose the BWC and the experimental specimens receiving the anti-CRMP2 antibodies chose the FWC. In the third experiment, Prussian carp were kept in fresh water (control group) or preconditioned in 5‰ NaCl (experimental group). After 48 hours the animals were sacrificed, the brains and livers were removed and CRMP2 levels were measured with the ELISA-test which showed upregulation in the brains of preconditioned animals. In the fourth experiment, common carp were assigned to three groups including a control group with no injection, a second control group that received an intra-cerebral administration of inactive CRMP2, and an experimental group that received an administration of CRMP2. HSP70 upregulation was revealed in the muscles and in the livers of the experimental animals 4 hours after the injection of CRMP2. In conclusion we show that brain CRMP2 plays a role in adaptation of freshwater fish to a brackish water environment through the upregulation of HSP70 in the peripheral tissues.