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<p>This study aims to characterize the La Plata Basin fish assemblage structure in its southernmost distribution boundary, freshwater Río de la Plata (f-RdlP), examining the influence of environmental drivers and sewage discharges. Data were collected during four seasonal samplings at 1.5&#xa0;m and 3&#xa0;m depths, documenting physicochemical parameters and using a beam trawl net. Seasonal characterization of ichthyofauna was performed using species categorization (Olmstead-Tukey) and their contribution to inter-seasonal similarity and dissimilarity (SIMPER). Relationships between environment and fishes were assessed by non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS). We identified 49 species (<i>N</i> = 17,952) of which 10 were dominant, 4 frequent, 2 occasional, and 33 rare. Overall similarity of ichthyofauna was 37.9%, where seasonal differences were related to abundance variations of <i>Parapimelodus valenciennis</i>, <i>Iheringichthys labrosus</i>, and <i>Ramnogaster melanostoma</i>. Depth, followed by transparency and temperature, was the main environmental drivers of fish assemblage composition, and proximity to sewage discharge showed secondary role (NMDS). Results showed seasonal differences in the fish assemblages that could be linked to species functional groups, migratory cycles, and body size. This knowledge provides novel information to understand the structure dynamics of the fish assemblage of f-RdlP and evaluate the influence of environmental factors across depths and seasons for temperate neotropical fishes in the face of future climate change scenarios.</p>

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Factors influencing the structure of the freshwater fish assemblage in the Río de la Plata

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • T. Maiztegui,
  • A. H. Paracampo,
  • J. M. Paredes del Puerto,
  • S. L. Fanelli,
  • D. C. Colautti,
  • A. J. Jaureguizar

摘要

This study aims to characterize the La Plata Basin fish assemblage structure in its southernmost distribution boundary, freshwater Río de la Plata (f-RdlP), examining the influence of environmental drivers and sewage discharges. Data were collected during four seasonal samplings at 1.5 m and 3 m depths, documenting physicochemical parameters and using a beam trawl net. Seasonal characterization of ichthyofauna was performed using species categorization (Olmstead-Tukey) and their contribution to inter-seasonal similarity and dissimilarity (SIMPER). Relationships between environment and fishes were assessed by non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS). We identified 49 species (N = 17,952) of which 10 were dominant, 4 frequent, 2 occasional, and 33 rare. Overall similarity of ichthyofauna was 37.9%, where seasonal differences were related to abundance variations of Parapimelodus valenciennis, Iheringichthys labrosus, and Ramnogaster melanostoma. Depth, followed by transparency and temperature, was the main environmental drivers of fish assemblage composition, and proximity to sewage discharge showed secondary role (NMDS). Results showed seasonal differences in the fish assemblages that could be linked to species functional groups, migratory cycles, and body size. This knowledge provides novel information to understand the structure dynamics of the fish assemblage of f-RdlP and evaluate the influence of environmental factors across depths and seasons for temperate neotropical fishes in the face of future climate change scenarios.