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<p>Metabarcoding was utilized to explore tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) bacterial diversity in gut tissue and pond sediments. Sampling was done from pond 1 (Sirago fish farm in Salem) and pond 2 (Ayyappan fish farm in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India). The research identified that 16S rRNA V3–V4 amplicon sequencing revealed an abundant microbial richness. A total of 978 OTUs were extracted from all the gut and sediment samples, of which the largest number of distinct OTUs occurred in the pond 1 gut (26.5%). The lowest number of shared OTUs (1%) was found between the gut and sediment of pond 2, whereas the highest number of shared OTUs (30.8%) was found between the sediment of pond 1 and the sediment and gut of pond 2. Bacterial communities belonging to the phyla <i>Proteobacteria</i>,<i> Firmicutes</i>,<i> Fusobacteria</i>,<i> Bacteroidetes</i>,<i> Planctomycetes</i>, and Actinobacteria were prevalent in both the sediment and gut. Interestingly, <i>Fusobacteria</i> were present only in the gut samples, possibly because of the fish feed, whereas Actinobacteria, <i>Planctomycetes</i>, and <i>Chloroflexi</i> occurred in higher numbers in the sediment samples. Diversity indices (Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, and Fisher) showed greater microbial abundance in the sediment than in the gut. The fish microbiome had a unique bacterial profile with higher abundance in the Salem and Thanjavur sediments. Moreover, genera like <i>Pseudomonas</i>,<i> Nitrospirillum</i>, and <i>Tepidiforma</i> were less abundant. Functional genomic analysis showed more abundant gene families, pathways, and systems in microbial groups. The functional ecology of bacterial occurrence and distribution in the fish gut and ponds can provide numerous volatile compounds. It includes volatile fatty acids (<i>Pta</i>, <i>ackA</i>), geosmin (<i>geoA</i>, <i>cyc</i>), methyl isoborneol (<i>mibC</i>), and trimethylamine (<i>tmm</i>), which were formed in greater abundance in the sediment in comparison with fish gut samples. This study highlights the functional potential and core microbiome variation in pond niches. Thus, it communicates the bacterial community profiling of fish health and possible bioindicator for aquaculture management.</p>

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Dynamics of bacterial community association with predicted functional profiles of volatile compounds in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish gut and pond sediments through metabarcoding as a bioindicator for pond health management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月25日

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  • Ramakrishnan Govindharaj Kumar,
  • Abinaya Nagaraj,
  • Dhanasekaran Dharumadurai

摘要

Metabarcoding was utilized to explore tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) bacterial diversity in gut tissue and pond sediments. Sampling was done from pond 1 (Sirago fish farm in Salem) and pond 2 (Ayyappan fish farm in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India). The research identified that 16S rRNA V3–V4 amplicon sequencing revealed an abundant microbial richness. A total of 978 OTUs were extracted from all the gut and sediment samples, of which the largest number of distinct OTUs occurred in the pond 1 gut (26.5%). The lowest number of shared OTUs (1%) was found between the gut and sediment of pond 2, whereas the highest number of shared OTUs (30.8%) was found between the sediment of pond 1 and the sediment and gut of pond 2. Bacterial communities belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and Actinobacteria were prevalent in both the sediment and gut. Interestingly, Fusobacteria were present only in the gut samples, possibly because of the fish feed, whereas Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi occurred in higher numbers in the sediment samples. Diversity indices (Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, and Fisher) showed greater microbial abundance in the sediment than in the gut. The fish microbiome had a unique bacterial profile with higher abundance in the Salem and Thanjavur sediments. Moreover, genera like Pseudomonas, Nitrospirillum, and Tepidiforma were less abundant. Functional genomic analysis showed more abundant gene families, pathways, and systems in microbial groups. The functional ecology of bacterial occurrence and distribution in the fish gut and ponds can provide numerous volatile compounds. It includes volatile fatty acids (Pta, ackA), geosmin (geoA, cyc), methyl isoborneol (mibC), and trimethylamine (tmm), which were formed in greater abundance in the sediment in comparison with fish gut samples. This study highlights the functional potential and core microbiome variation in pond niches. Thus, it communicates the bacterial community profiling of fish health and possible bioindicator for aquaculture management.