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<p>Trout species of the genus <i>Salmo</i> in Eastern Anatolia offer valuable insights into the evolution and diversity of freshwater fishes in the Caspian Sea basin. In the present study, we describe a new trout species, <i>Salmo emireae</i> sp. nov., from Lake Balık in northeastern Turkey, based on combined morphological and mitochondrial (cytochrome b) data. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods revealed that <i>S. emireae</i> belongs to the Danubian lineage and forms a well-supported monophyletic clade, closely related to <i>S. ischchan</i>, <i>S. aestivalis</i>, and <i>S. gegarkuni</i> from Lake Sevan. Moreover, unique morphological traits—by a shorter head, a slenderer caudal peduncle, a shorter maxilla, and a shorter mouth gape—distinguish <i>S. emireae</i> from its congeners. Given its limited distribution and pressure from overfishing, <i>S. emireae</i> may be considered endemic and potentially vulnerable. Our findings highlight the need for further taxonomic and conservation studies on endemic trout species in the region. The study provides a detailed diagnosis, morphometric description, distribution map for the new species, and an extensive phylogeny for genus <i>Salmo</i>, contributing to the growing biodiversity knowledge of Anatolian trout. The new species is endemic to a single, isolated lake that is subject to regular commercial fishing and recent drought-related habitat changes. These pressures, together with its restricted range, make <i>S. emireae</i> potentially vulnerable and of conservation concern.</p>

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Salmo emireae (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae), a new trout species from the Lake Balık, northeastern Turkey

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月6日

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  • Davut Turan,
  • Mehmet Kocabaş,
  • Cüneyt Kaya,
  • Münevver Oral Kaba,
  • İsmail Aksu

摘要

Trout species of the genus Salmo in Eastern Anatolia offer valuable insights into the evolution and diversity of freshwater fishes in the Caspian Sea basin. In the present study, we describe a new trout species, Salmo emireae sp. nov., from Lake Balık in northeastern Turkey, based on combined morphological and mitochondrial (cytochrome b) data. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods revealed that S. emireae belongs to the Danubian lineage and forms a well-supported monophyletic clade, closely related to S. ischchan, S. aestivalis, and S. gegarkuni from Lake Sevan. Moreover, unique morphological traits—by a shorter head, a slenderer caudal peduncle, a shorter maxilla, and a shorter mouth gape—distinguish S. emireae from its congeners. Given its limited distribution and pressure from overfishing, S. emireae may be considered endemic and potentially vulnerable. Our findings highlight the need for further taxonomic and conservation studies on endemic trout species in the region. The study provides a detailed diagnosis, morphometric description, distribution map for the new species, and an extensive phylogeny for genus Salmo, contributing to the growing biodiversity knowledge of Anatolian trout. The new species is endemic to a single, isolated lake that is subject to regular commercial fishing and recent drought-related habitat changes. These pressures, together with its restricted range, make S. emireae potentially vulnerable and of conservation concern.