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<p>The Beibu Gulf is one of China’s main fishing grounds. Despite over two decades of Summer Fishing Moratorium implementation, the recovery outcomes of fishery resources have fallen short of expectations. To elucidate the conservation efficacy of the Summer Fishing Moratorium and mechanistically understand how fishing pressure modulates fish stock recovery, we evaluated the fish diversity and related environmental indicators at 25 sampling sites in the Beibu Gulf before and after the moratorium. Our analysis focused on α-, β-, and ζ-diversity, as well as the factors influencing these diversity metrics, before and after the fishing moratorium. Our study revealed spatial heterogeneity in the conservation effectiveness of the summer fishing moratorium. Variations in ζ-diversity suggested a positive impact of the moratorium on the conservation of common species. Salinity gradients drove rare species aggregation in the northern coastal region. After the moratorium, the northern coastal region in the Beibu Gulf exhibited optimal fishery resource conservation with high rare species abundance, while intensive fishing activities following the moratorium’s conclusion likely counteracted the long-term efficacy of summer fishing moratorium measures. Consequently, when assessing the effectiveness of fishing moratoriums, β- and ζ-diversity can provide novel insights.</p>

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Rethinking conservation: the role of β- and ζ-diversity in Beibu Gulf’s fishery management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月31日

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  • Yang Yan,
  • Pengzhan Zhang,
  • Zhisen Luo,
  • Xiaodong Yang,
  • Caiguang Wang,
  • Bin Kang

摘要

The Beibu Gulf is one of China’s main fishing grounds. Despite over two decades of Summer Fishing Moratorium implementation, the recovery outcomes of fishery resources have fallen short of expectations. To elucidate the conservation efficacy of the Summer Fishing Moratorium and mechanistically understand how fishing pressure modulates fish stock recovery, we evaluated the fish diversity and related environmental indicators at 25 sampling sites in the Beibu Gulf before and after the moratorium. Our analysis focused on α-, β-, and ζ-diversity, as well as the factors influencing these diversity metrics, before and after the fishing moratorium. Our study revealed spatial heterogeneity in the conservation effectiveness of the summer fishing moratorium. Variations in ζ-diversity suggested a positive impact of the moratorium on the conservation of common species. Salinity gradients drove rare species aggregation in the northern coastal region. After the moratorium, the northern coastal region in the Beibu Gulf exhibited optimal fishery resource conservation with high rare species abundance, while intensive fishing activities following the moratorium’s conclusion likely counteracted the long-term efficacy of summer fishing moratorium measures. Consequently, when assessing the effectiveness of fishing moratoriums, β- and ζ-diversity can provide novel insights.