The gifts of multiple perspectives: a Two-Eyed Seeing approach to Gumegwsis (Cyclopterus lumpus) ecology in inner Mawipoqtapei (Chaleur Bay), Eastern Canada

The weaving of diverse knowledge systems, including Indigenous, Local, and Western Knowledge, is an increasingly adopted approach in scientific research and is perceived as a promising path towards advancing knowledge and management of coastal areas and fisheries management in Canada. Despite documented successes, skepticism among scientists and decision-makers persists, leaving unaddressed gaps. Here, in response to concerns voiced by fishers from the Mi’gmaw community of Ugpi’ganjiq, the Gespe’gewa’gi Institute of Natural Understanding (GINU) co-created a project to improve understanding of the ecology and state of the threatened Gumegwsis (i.e. Cyclopterus lumpus, common lumpfish) in inner Mawipoqtapei (Chaleur Bay, Eastern Canada). Through a Two-Eyed Seeing approach, we combined semi-structured interviews with five Knowledge Holders with a literature review, mapping, and temperature monitoring. Utilizing this Mi’gmaw framework, we learned about Gumegwsis life history in inner Mawipoqtapei, its significance to local fishers, changes in abundance over time, threats to the species, and identified potential areas for spawning and nursery habitats. Prior to our project, the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) assessment asserted “There are no indications of any ceremonial uses of Lumpfish in Canada and there is no ATK (Aboriginal Traditional Knowledge) information available”. In contrast, our study reveals the distinctive relationship and comprehension of Gumegwsis held by Mi’gmaw fishers, underscoring the significance of embracing multiple ways of knowing towards understanding species ecology, and presenting a compelling case for co-creation of species recovery strategies and collaboration in fisheries research.