<p>Let <i>q</i> be a prime power and let <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f_i(w_i)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be polynomials of degree <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n_i\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, which are not linear but split into distinct linear factors over <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {F}}_q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="73" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1 \le i \le k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(k \ge 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a positive integer. Define <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to be the finite commutative non-chain ring <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="334" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R_k ={\mathbb {F}}_q[w_1,w_2,\ldots , w_k]/ \langle f_i(w_i), w_iw_j-w_jw_i\rangle \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>…</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">⟨</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">⟩</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. For <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="188" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Lambda = (\lambda _0, \lambda _1, \lambda _k) \in {\mathbb {F}}_qR_1R_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> where <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="67" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda _0, \lambda _1, \lambda _k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are units in <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="73" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {F}}_q,R_1,R_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> respectively, we describe constacyclic codes over <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="58" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {F}}_qR_1R_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. This family of codes can be viewed as <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R_k[x]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-submodules of <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq13.gif" Format="GIF" Height="29" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="203" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{{\mathbb {F}}_q[x]}{\langle x^{\alpha _0}-\lambda _0\rangle }\times \frac{R_1[x]}{\langle x^{\alpha _1}-\lambda _1\rangle } \times \frac{R_k[x]}{\langle x^{\alpha _k}-\lambda _k\rangle }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">⟨</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">⟩</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>×</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">⟨</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">⟩</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>×</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">⟨</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">⟩</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We describe the structural properties of <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="58" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {F}}_qR_1R_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-<InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq15.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-constacyclic codes of length <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq16.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="106" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\alpha _0+\alpha _1+\alpha _k)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and their generator polynomials. Using constacyclic codes over <InlineEquation ID="IEq17"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10623_2025_1652_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="58" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {F}}_qR_1R_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we demonstrate how to construct quantum error-correcting codes (QECC) as an application. Furthermore, we obtain new and better quantum codes with the help of a matrix Gray map.</p>

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Constacyclic codes over general mixed alphabets and their applications

  • Shakir Ali,
  • Nuh Aydin,
  • Pushpendra Sharma,
  • Elif Segah Oztas,
  • Atif Ahmad Khan

摘要

Let q be a prime power and let \(f_i(w_i)\) f i ( w i ) be polynomials of degree \(n_i\) n i , which are not linear but split into distinct linear factors over \({\mathbb {F}}_q\) F q , where \(1 \le i \le k\) 1 i k and \(k \ge 1\) k 1 is a positive integer. Define \(R_k\) R k to be the finite commutative non-chain ring \(R_k ={\mathbb {F}}_q[w_1,w_2,\ldots , w_k]/ \langle f_i(w_i), w_iw_j-w_jw_i\rangle \) R k = F q [ w 1 , w 2 , , w k ] / f i ( w i ) , w i w j - w j w i . For \(\Lambda = (\lambda _0, \lambda _1, \lambda _k) \in {\mathbb {F}}_qR_1R_k\) Λ = ( λ 0 , λ 1 , λ k ) F q R 1 R k where \(\lambda _0, \lambda _1, \lambda _k\) λ 0 , λ 1 , λ k are units in \({\mathbb {F}}_q,R_1,R_k\) F q , R 1 , R k respectively, we describe constacyclic codes over \({\mathbb {F}}_qR_1R_k\) F q R 1 R k . This family of codes can be viewed as \(R_k[x]\) R k [ x ] -submodules of \(\frac{{\mathbb {F}}_q[x]}{\langle x^{\alpha _0}-\lambda _0\rangle }\times \frac{R_1[x]}{\langle x^{\alpha _1}-\lambda _1\rangle } \times \frac{R_k[x]}{\langle x^{\alpha _k}-\lambda _k\rangle }\) F q [ x ] x α 0 - λ 0 × R 1 [ x ] x α 1 - λ 1 × R k [ x ] x α k - λ k . We describe the structural properties of \({\mathbb {F}}_qR_1R_k\) F q R 1 R k - \(\Lambda \) Λ -constacyclic codes of length \((\alpha _0+\alpha _1+\alpha _k)\) ( α 0 + α 1 + α k ) and their generator polynomials. Using constacyclic codes over \({\mathbb {F}}_qR_1R_k\) F q R 1 R k , we demonstrate how to construct quantum error-correcting codes (QECC) as an application. Furthermore, we obtain new and better quantum codes with the help of a matrix Gray map.