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Background <p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Vitamin C possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may benefit these patients. This study aimed to evaluate whether vitamin C administration improves the prognosis of patients with acute pancreatitis-related acute kidney injury (AP-AKI) in the ICU.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. We included adult (≥ 18&#xa0;years) patients with AP admitted to the ICU who were diagnosed with AKI (Stages 1–3) per the 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines within the onset of AP. Patients were divided into the vitamin C group (intravenous vitamin C administration after ICU admission) and the control group. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, Cox proportional hazards regression model, and subgroup analysis were used to evaluate outcomes. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to reduce potential confounding factors. Finally, we investigated the effects of different doses of vitamin C on mortality.</p> Result <p>A total of 959 patients were included in this study. After propensity score matching, 123 patients were allocated to the vitamin C group and 201 to the non-vitamin C group, with comparable baseline characteristics between the two groups. Our results showed that vitamin C treatment was associated with a reduced 30-day mortality in AP-AKI patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24–0.67). Subgroup analyses showed that the intervention effect of vitamin C was relatively consistent across most subgroups, whereas potential heterogeneity may exist among patients aged ≥ 65&#xa0;years (<i>P</i> for interaction = 0.038) and those with myocardial infarction (<i>P</i> for interaction = 0.03). Further, no significant difference in 30-day mortality was observed among patients with AP-AKI treated with different doses of vitamin C (<i>p</i> = 0.27).</p> Conclusion <p>Vitamin C administration after ICU admission was significantly associated with reduced 30-day mortality. Different vitamin C doses had no significant effect on the prognosis of AP-AKI.</p>

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Effect of Vitamin C on the Prognosis of Patients with Acute Pancreatitis-Related Acute Kidney Injury Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Baning Ye,
  • Meimei Zhang,
  • Gang Liao,
  • Jianquan Li

摘要

Background

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Vitamin C possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may benefit these patients. This study aimed to evaluate whether vitamin C administration improves the prognosis of patients with acute pancreatitis-related acute kidney injury (AP-AKI) in the ICU.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. We included adult (≥ 18 years) patients with AP admitted to the ICU who were diagnosed with AKI (Stages 1–3) per the 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines within the onset of AP. Patients were divided into the vitamin C group (intravenous vitamin C administration after ICU admission) and the control group. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, Cox proportional hazards regression model, and subgroup analysis were used to evaluate outcomes. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to reduce potential confounding factors. Finally, we investigated the effects of different doses of vitamin C on mortality.

Result

A total of 959 patients were included in this study. After propensity score matching, 123 patients were allocated to the vitamin C group and 201 to the non-vitamin C group, with comparable baseline characteristics between the two groups. Our results showed that vitamin C treatment was associated with a reduced 30-day mortality in AP-AKI patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24–0.67). Subgroup analyses showed that the intervention effect of vitamin C was relatively consistent across most subgroups, whereas potential heterogeneity may exist among patients aged ≥ 65 years (P for interaction = 0.038) and those with myocardial infarction (P for interaction = 0.03). Further, no significant difference in 30-day mortality was observed among patients with AP-AKI treated with different doses of vitamin C (p = 0.27).

Conclusion

Vitamin C administration after ICU admission was significantly associated with reduced 30-day mortality. Different vitamin C doses had no significant effect on the prognosis of AP-AKI.