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Background and Aims <p>Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection remains a major cause of liver failure in Türkiye, yet post-transplant outcomes and recurrence predictors are not well defined. This study aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes and risk factors for HDV recurrence following liver transplantation in a high-volume transplant center.</p> Methods <p>We retrospectively analyzed 182 patients who underwent liver transplantation for HDV-related liver disease between 2010 and 2024. Clinical, virological, and survival data were compared between patients with and without HDV recurrence. Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of recurrence.</p> Results <p>HDV recurrence occurred in 12 patients (6.6%) during a median follow-up of 80&#xa0;months. HBIG administration significantly reduced recurrence risk (HR = 0.001, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while post-transplant HBV recurrence was strongly associated with HDV relapse (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Pre-transplant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) showed no significant association with HDV recurrence. Overall survival did not differ significantly between recurrence and non-recurrence groups (<i>p</i> = 0.068).</p> Conclusions <p>Our results showed that HDV recurrence was infrequent and was not associated with a statistically significant difference in post-transplant survival. Post-transplant HBV recurrence and HBIG therapy were identified as the main factors influencing HDV recurrence. Another important finding was that pre-transplant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was not significantly associated with HDV recurrence. These results provide valuable long-term evidence from an HDV-endemic region and may guide post-transplant management strategies.</p>

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Long-Term Post-transplant Outcomes in Patients with Hepatitis D Virus Infection at a High-Volume Liver Transplant Center

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Muhammed Furkan Keser,
  • Zeynep Busra Keser,
  • Cihan Yurdaydin,
  • Sezai Yilmaz,
  • Murat Harputluoglu

摘要

Background and Aims

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection remains a major cause of liver failure in Türkiye, yet post-transplant outcomes and recurrence predictors are not well defined. This study aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes and risk factors for HDV recurrence following liver transplantation in a high-volume transplant center.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 182 patients who underwent liver transplantation for HDV-related liver disease between 2010 and 2024. Clinical, virological, and survival data were compared between patients with and without HDV recurrence. Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of recurrence.

Results

HDV recurrence occurred in 12 patients (6.6%) during a median follow-up of 80 months. HBIG administration significantly reduced recurrence risk (HR = 0.001, p < 0.001), while post-transplant HBV recurrence was strongly associated with HDV relapse (p < 0.001). Pre-transplant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) showed no significant association with HDV recurrence. Overall survival did not differ significantly between recurrence and non-recurrence groups (p = 0.068).

Conclusions

Our results showed that HDV recurrence was infrequent and was not associated with a statistically significant difference in post-transplant survival. Post-transplant HBV recurrence and HBIG therapy were identified as the main factors influencing HDV recurrence. Another important finding was that pre-transplant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was not significantly associated with HDV recurrence. These results provide valuable long-term evidence from an HDV-endemic region and may guide post-transplant management strategies.