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<p>Breast cancer is still a major worldwide health problem. Metastasis, the dissemination of cancerous cells to distant tissues, significantly contributes to death. <i>Galangin</i>, a flavonoid from many plants, has shown encouraging anti-cancer effects in preclinical research. This research sought to examine the impact of <i>Galangin</i> on the transcription of critical invasiveness genes in breast cancer cells. <i>Alpinia galanga L.</i> was extracted, and the solubility of <i>Galangin</i> in excipients was assessed. MCF7 cells were punctured, and the cytotoxicity of <i>Alpinia galanga L.</i> and <i>Galangin</i> was assessed using the MTT assay. The induction of apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. The transcription of apoptosis-related genes was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR. The assessment of Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and the bioinformatics-based construction of gene networks related to breast cancer were conducted. The study found that <i>Galangin</i> significantly increased the survival rates of MCF7 cells after 72 h of exposure to 1000&#xa0;µg/ml and 500&#xa0;µg/ml extracts. The IC50 was set at 500 µg/ml. <i>Galangin</i> treatment led to a 10.4% early apoptosis incidence, 22.2% late apoptosis, 2.39% necrosis, and a 65% survival rate. <i>Alpinia galanga L.</i> extract inducing apoptosis was 19.03%, while <i>Galangin</i> application produced 32.6% apoptosis. The transcription levels of <i>GPX</i> and <i>P53</i> genes associated with programmed cell death were significantly elevated after treatment with <i>Galangin</i>. The transcription level of the <i>MMP2</i> gene was significantly decreased in MCF7 cells treated with <i>Galangin</i> and <i>Alpinia galanga L.</i> compared to the PBS-treated group. Treatment with <i>Galangin</i> and <i>Alpinia galanga L.</i> decreased the total antioxidant capacity. <i>Galangin</i> significantly reduced the antioxidant activities compared to other groups. <i>Galangin</i> shows potential as an effective treatment against breast cancer by regulating cellular growth and death. Further research is required to validate the therapeutic efficacy of <i>Galangin</i> and to clarify its processes in breast cancer.</p>

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Study the impact of Galangin and Alpinia galanga L. on the activation of apoptosis in breast cancer

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月8日

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  • Farinaz Malakotikhah,
  • Kahin Shahanipour,
  • Ramesh Monajemi,
  • Ali Mohammad Ahadi,
  • Ali Asghar Rastegari

摘要

Breast cancer is still a major worldwide health problem. Metastasis, the dissemination of cancerous cells to distant tissues, significantly contributes to death. Galangin, a flavonoid from many plants, has shown encouraging anti-cancer effects in preclinical research. This research sought to examine the impact of Galangin on the transcription of critical invasiveness genes in breast cancer cells. Alpinia galanga L. was extracted, and the solubility of Galangin in excipients was assessed. MCF7 cells were punctured, and the cytotoxicity of Alpinia galanga L. and Galangin was assessed using the MTT assay. The induction of apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. The transcription of apoptosis-related genes was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR. The assessment of Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and the bioinformatics-based construction of gene networks related to breast cancer were conducted. The study found that Galangin significantly increased the survival rates of MCF7 cells after 72 h of exposure to 1000 µg/ml and 500 µg/ml extracts. The IC50 was set at 500 µg/ml. Galangin treatment led to a 10.4% early apoptosis incidence, 22.2% late apoptosis, 2.39% necrosis, and a 65% survival rate. Alpinia galanga L. extract inducing apoptosis was 19.03%, while Galangin application produced 32.6% apoptosis. The transcription levels of GPX and P53 genes associated with programmed cell death were significantly elevated after treatment with Galangin. The transcription level of the MMP2 gene was significantly decreased in MCF7 cells treated with Galangin and Alpinia galanga L. compared to the PBS-treated group. Treatment with Galangin and Alpinia galanga L. decreased the total antioxidant capacity. Galangin significantly reduced the antioxidant activities compared to other groups. Galangin shows potential as an effective treatment against breast cancer by regulating cellular growth and death. Further research is required to validate the therapeutic efficacy of Galangin and to clarify its processes in breast cancer.