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Background and Objectives <p>Type D personality (TDP), characterized by high levels of negative affectivity and social inhibition, is linked to a range of adverse health outcomes. However, traditional methods often fail to capture the inherent complexity of TDP, which arises from the dynamic interplay between its core traits and related cognitive factors, forming a self-perpetuating pathological cycle. To address this limitation and explore effective interventions, we conducted two studies. Study 1 employed network analysis to explore TDP’s relationships with related psychological factors and identify bridge symptoms that may serve as effective intervention targets. Building on these insights, study 2 was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) designed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in reducing TDP.</p> Methods <p>In study 1, network analysis (<i>N</i> = 1,026) was conducted on TDP and related factors to identify potential bridge symptoms. In study 2, 63 participants with TDP from study 1 were randomly assigned to either an 8-week CBT group or a no-treatment control group, using a 2 groups (CBT vs. control) × 3 time points (pre-intervention vs. post-intervention vs. 1-month follow-up) RCT design to evaluate CBT’s effectiveness.</p> Results <p>In study 1, network analysis identified automatic thoughts as bridge symptom with the TDP network. In the subsequent RCT (study 2), a significant group × time interaction effect was observed (<i>F</i> = 5.736, <i>p</i> = .003, <i>η</i><sub><i>p</i></sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.086), with the CBT group demonstrating a significant TDP reduction compared to the control group at both post-intervention and 1-month follow-up. The control group showed no significant changes.</p> Discussions and Conclusions <p>Automatic thoughts, which identified as key bridge symptom, provides empirically-derived targets for intervention. Our study provides preliminary evidence that this network-informed CBT is a promising and potentially durable intervention for reducing TDP. Findings support CBT as an effective intervention for TDP and highlight the value of network analysis in psychological intervention research, particularly for identifying intervention targets.</p>

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Identifying Network Bridge Symptoms of Type D Personality among Chinese College Students and Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Via a Randomized Controlled Trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月11日

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  • Shuang Liu,
  • Yaxu Yu,
  • Jingyi Yang,
  • Zhijun Song,
  • Shuhong Liang,
  • Lingzhi Song,
  • Yu Mao,
  • Geqi Qi

摘要

Background and Objectives

Type D personality (TDP), characterized by high levels of negative affectivity and social inhibition, is linked to a range of adverse health outcomes. However, traditional methods often fail to capture the inherent complexity of TDP, which arises from the dynamic interplay between its core traits and related cognitive factors, forming a self-perpetuating pathological cycle. To address this limitation and explore effective interventions, we conducted two studies. Study 1 employed network analysis to explore TDP’s relationships with related psychological factors and identify bridge symptoms that may serve as effective intervention targets. Building on these insights, study 2 was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) designed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in reducing TDP.

Methods

In study 1, network analysis (N = 1,026) was conducted on TDP and related factors to identify potential bridge symptoms. In study 2, 63 participants with TDP from study 1 were randomly assigned to either an 8-week CBT group or a no-treatment control group, using a 2 groups (CBT vs. control) × 3 time points (pre-intervention vs. post-intervention vs. 1-month follow-up) RCT design to evaluate CBT’s effectiveness.

Results

In study 1, network analysis identified automatic thoughts as bridge symptom with the TDP network. In the subsequent RCT (study 2), a significant group × time interaction effect was observed (F = 5.736, p = .003, ηp2 = 0.086), with the CBT group demonstrating a significant TDP reduction compared to the control group at both post-intervention and 1-month follow-up. The control group showed no significant changes.

Discussions and Conclusions

Automatic thoughts, which identified as key bridge symptom, provides empirically-derived targets for intervention. Our study provides preliminary evidence that this network-informed CBT is a promising and potentially durable intervention for reducing TDP. Findings support CBT as an effective intervention for TDP and highlight the value of network analysis in psychological intervention research, particularly for identifying intervention targets.