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<p>Blockchain’s decentralization, immutability, and transparency make it a powerful academic credit management (ACM) tool. The COVID-19 pandemic drove home the importance of global ACM collaboration and innovation. To improve ACM, India’s National Education Policy 2020 created the Academic Bank of Credits (ABC). However, existing blockchain-based ACM solutions present significant security challenges and do not provide lifelong transparent credit mobility across the Higher Education System (HES) because they are specifically designed for intra-institutional use and therefore do not support inter-institutional students’ mobility and lifelong transparent learning. This paper proposes the novel Blockchain Qualification Port (BQP) to support intra- and inter-institutional ACM for students, ensuring robust and secure lifelong transparent credit mobility across the HES. The role of BQP, in contrast to existing methods, is to manage and authenticate students’ academic credentials for intra- and inter-HES. BQP aims to achieve a lifelong transparent learning passport system for students inter- and intra-HES. BQP creates a blockchain-based Academic Credit Chain (B-ACC) by linking student academic credits to ABC accounts. BQP allows schools to seamlessly transfer credits, increasing student mobility while securely retaining academic credit history, including credit attempts. BQP ensures genuine, safe, and verifiable everlasting records, solving current problems. The system enhances credential correctness, privacy, openness, and integrity. Hyperledger Fabric and CouchDB power the framework’s proof of concept. It stores off-chain via smart contracts and IPFS. An ACM collaboration with the Ministry of Education and institutions utilizes the multi-signature protocol. CouchDB indexing outperforms blockchain key-value storage in experiments. BQP provides real-time information and removes administrative and linguistic barriers for students, institutions, and enterprises to manage credit. BQP efficiently created HES’s everlasting transparent passport compared to existing methods.</p>

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Evolving blockchain-based academic credit chain for lifelong transparent learning passport in higher education system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Sheetal Chaudhari,
  • Mahesh Shirole

摘要

Blockchain’s decentralization, immutability, and transparency make it a powerful academic credit management (ACM) tool. The COVID-19 pandemic drove home the importance of global ACM collaboration and innovation. To improve ACM, India’s National Education Policy 2020 created the Academic Bank of Credits (ABC). However, existing blockchain-based ACM solutions present significant security challenges and do not provide lifelong transparent credit mobility across the Higher Education System (HES) because they are specifically designed for intra-institutional use and therefore do not support inter-institutional students’ mobility and lifelong transparent learning. This paper proposes the novel Blockchain Qualification Port (BQP) to support intra- and inter-institutional ACM for students, ensuring robust and secure lifelong transparent credit mobility across the HES. The role of BQP, in contrast to existing methods, is to manage and authenticate students’ academic credentials for intra- and inter-HES. BQP aims to achieve a lifelong transparent learning passport system for students inter- and intra-HES. BQP creates a blockchain-based Academic Credit Chain (B-ACC) by linking student academic credits to ABC accounts. BQP allows schools to seamlessly transfer credits, increasing student mobility while securely retaining academic credit history, including credit attempts. BQP ensures genuine, safe, and verifiable everlasting records, solving current problems. The system enhances credential correctness, privacy, openness, and integrity. Hyperledger Fabric and CouchDB power the framework’s proof of concept. It stores off-chain via smart contracts and IPFS. An ACM collaboration with the Ministry of Education and institutions utilizes the multi-signature protocol. CouchDB indexing outperforms blockchain key-value storage in experiments. BQP provides real-time information and removes administrative and linguistic barriers for students, institutions, and enterprises to manage credit. BQP efficiently created HES’s everlasting transparent passport compared to existing methods.