Time delay-based routing protocol using genetic algorithm in vehicular Ad Hoc networks

The vehicular mobility speed has a crucial impact on the performance of the data communication through the Vehicular Ad hoc Networks. The mobility of nodes is more predictable due to the roads’ structure and constraints; therefore, mobility speed is not the only reason behind the topological changes. Node density is another influential factor on the network topology and scalability so a highly dense environment is susceptible to having data collision and congestion. On the contrary, a low-dense environment is vulnerable to low node connectivity. Experiencing data network congestion is a crucial element in determining network performance. In this paper, we consider these factors and propose a new routing protocol based on the Time delay-based Multipath Routing protocol published lately. The primary goal of the suggested protocol is to enhance the route selection process by taking into account various metrics such as node mobility speed, node density, and potential data congestion at intermediate nodes. In this regard, we introduce a new fitness function (FFn) as the optimization base for the genetic algorithm (GA) and hence propose two mechanisms which are TMR-FFn and TMR-GA. The result of the proposed protocols has been compared with recent protocols. We evaluate our protocols through QoS metrics. Our protocols demonstrate superiority compared to other methods.