Resilient vehicular fog computing networks: an analytical approach to system reliability under breakdown and vacation interruptions

Recent technological advances have equipped vehicles with significant computational capacity, enabling Vehicular Fog Computing (VFC) for decentralized processing at the network edge. This study presents a novel queuing theory-based analytical model that addresses the challenges of breakdowns and server vacations in VFC. The model incorporates factors like intermittent connectivity, energy constraints, and vehicle failures. Numerical results show that optimizing repair rates can reduce average delay by \(16.67\%\) $16.67\%$ , while decreasing vacation time reduces delays by \(33.33\%\) $33.33\%$ . Conversely, higher breakdown rates increase delays by \(50\%\) $50\%$ , emphasizing the need for effective maintenance strategies. These results offer insights into Quality of Service (QoS) improvements by adjusting decision parameters. The study concludes by highlighting open areas for future research to further enhance VFC performance.