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<p>Natural Fiber Composites (NFCs) have garnered significant attention as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fiber-reinforced composites in the automotive and construction sectors, owing to their lightweight nature, biodegradability, and renewability. However, their broad application is impeded by challenges in environmental durability, particularly susceptibility to moisture, thermal fluctuations, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which trigger degradation mechanisms such as interfacial debonding and hydrolysis. This review provides a systematic analysis of NFC durability, spanning from microscopic degradation mechanisms to macroscopic service life prediction models. It begins by examining the intrinsic properties of natural fibers and polymer matrices that dictate material performance, followed by a critical assessment of surface treatments—including chemical modifications and plasma processing—and interfacial engineering strategies designed to enhance compatibility and environmental resistance. The review further explores multi-factor degradation pathways, such as hygrothermal, UV-induced, and biological degradation, and their synergistic effects, alongside accelerated aging methodologies and life prediction models, including Arrhenius-based and machine learning approaches. Case studies from automotive and construction applications demonstrate the translation of laboratory research to practical scenarios. This review synthesizes current advancements and identifies critical gaps to guide the development of next-generation NFCs for sustainable engineering.</p>

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A review on environmental durability and service life prediction of natural fiber composites: mechanisms, strategies, and models

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月5日

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  • Huafeng Feng,
  • Jinfang Zhang,
  • Chen Liu

摘要

Natural Fiber Composites (NFCs) have garnered significant attention as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fiber-reinforced composites in the automotive and construction sectors, owing to their lightweight nature, biodegradability, and renewability. However, their broad application is impeded by challenges in environmental durability, particularly susceptibility to moisture, thermal fluctuations, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which trigger degradation mechanisms such as interfacial debonding and hydrolysis. This review provides a systematic analysis of NFC durability, spanning from microscopic degradation mechanisms to macroscopic service life prediction models. It begins by examining the intrinsic properties of natural fibers and polymer matrices that dictate material performance, followed by a critical assessment of surface treatments—including chemical modifications and plasma processing—and interfacial engineering strategies designed to enhance compatibility and environmental resistance. The review further explores multi-factor degradation pathways, such as hygrothermal, UV-induced, and biological degradation, and their synergistic effects, alongside accelerated aging methodologies and life prediction models, including Arrhenius-based and machine learning approaches. Case studies from automotive and construction applications demonstrate the translation of laboratory research to practical scenarios. This review synthesizes current advancements and identifies critical gaps to guide the development of next-generation NFCs for sustainable engineering.