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<p>In this study, functionalized handmade Lokta paper derived from <i>Daphne bholua</i> is explored for oil-water separation and antimicrobial applications. The superhydrophobic coating consisted of silica nanoparticles (SiO<sub>2</sub>) grafted with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) and further stabilized with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to improve water repellency. A maximum water contact angle (WCA) of 158.31° was achieved at 0.8&#xa0;wt.% SiO<sub>2</sub>, 2&#xa0;wt.% TEOS, and 2&#xa0;wt.% PDMS. The coating significantly reduced water absorption, retained hydrophobicity after ten abrasion cycles, while preserving optical qualities, including brightness, opacity, and transparency. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful grafting of hydrophobic alkyl groups and silica network on the paper surface, showing new absorption bands at 2914&#xa0;cm<sup>−1</sup>, 2861&#xa0;cm<sup>−1</sup>, 1428&#xa0;cm<sup>−1</sup>, and 1067&#xa0;cm<sup>−1</sup>, 804&#xa0;cm<sup>−1</sup> corresponding to –CH<sub>3</sub>, –CH<sub>2</sub>, and C–O bonds and the antisymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations of the Si–O–Si bonds, respectively. The incorporation of AgNPs into the superhydrophobic paper improved antimicrobial activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria, with the optimal concentration of 50&#xa0;mM AgNO<sub>3</sub>. XRD analysis showed the minimal impact of silica modification on crystallinity from 57.76 to 58.64%, while AgNP doping reduced crystallinity to 42.48%, transforming some cellulose into an amorphous form. SEM analysis revealed improved fiber bonding and nanoparticle distribution, and thermal analysis indicated altered degradation behavior. The superhydrophobic membrane showed excellent water separation efficiencies up to 98.67% and oil separation efficiencies up to 73.67%. This work combines traditional eco-friendly Lokta paper with modern superhydrophobic coatings to produce a next-generation material for environmental remediation.</p>

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Lokta-fiber derived superhydrophobic membrane for oil-water separation and antimicrobial applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Sunita Paudel,
  • Hisila Dangol,
  • Sushil Pokharel,
  • Yukti Acharya,
  • Nisha Patel Makani,
  • Bhoj Raj Gautam,
  • Rajesh Pandit,
  • Bhanu Bhakta Neupane

摘要

In this study, functionalized handmade Lokta paper derived from Daphne bholua is explored for oil-water separation and antimicrobial applications. The superhydrophobic coating consisted of silica nanoparticles (SiO2) grafted with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) and further stabilized with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to improve water repellency. A maximum water contact angle (WCA) of 158.31° was achieved at 0.8 wt.% SiO2, 2 wt.% TEOS, and 2 wt.% PDMS. The coating significantly reduced water absorption, retained hydrophobicity after ten abrasion cycles, while preserving optical qualities, including brightness, opacity, and transparency. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful grafting of hydrophobic alkyl groups and silica network on the paper surface, showing new absorption bands at 2914 cm−1, 2861 cm−1, 1428 cm−1, and 1067 cm−1, 804 cm−1 corresponding to –CH3, –CH2, and C–O bonds and the antisymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations of the Si–O–Si bonds, respectively. The incorporation of AgNPs into the superhydrophobic paper improved antimicrobial activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria, with the optimal concentration of 50 mM AgNO3. XRD analysis showed the minimal impact of silica modification on crystallinity from 57.76 to 58.64%, while AgNP doping reduced crystallinity to 42.48%, transforming some cellulose into an amorphous form. SEM analysis revealed improved fiber bonding and nanoparticle distribution, and thermal analysis indicated altered degradation behavior. The superhydrophobic membrane showed excellent water separation efficiencies up to 98.67% and oil separation efficiencies up to 73.67%. This work combines traditional eco-friendly Lokta paper with modern superhydrophobic coatings to produce a next-generation material for environmental remediation.