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<p>As a microbial polysaccharide, xanthan gum (XG) has been widely used in various fields for its rheological characteristics and low cost. However, when it is used as a thickener in textile printing with reactive dyes, the color yield (K/S) is low and it is relatively difficult to wash off from the fabric. The objective of this study was to modify XG with TEMPO (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl)/ NaClO/NaBr system and investigate the printing performance of the oxidatively modified xanthan (MXG) when it was applied to printing cotton fabrics with reactive dye. The results showed that oxidative modification for 20&#xa0;min resulted in a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.64 ± 0.03 for XG and a significant increase in the color yield (K/S) of the printed fabric from 3.86 ± 0.07 to 7.92 ± 0.09, which was similar with sodium alginate (SA). The removal rate of MXG increased from 79.6 ± 1.2 to 89.2 ± 1.3% comparing to XG, which was close to the removal rate of SA (91.2 ± 1.5%). Consequently, the pattern showed improved uniformity and sharper definition, while the fabric’s color fastness and handle were also enhanced. Analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (<sup>1</sup>H-NMR), Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (UV), and Zeta potential measurements confirmed the oxidation of XG’s primary hydroxy groups into carboxy groups<b>.</b> The molecular weight of XG decreased significantly after oxidation, as determined by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). Additionally, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) results showed that MXG exhibited lower reactivity with the reactive dye than XG. The MXG presented better rheological properties than XG in the printing paste.</p>

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Oxidized xanthan with TEMPO/NaClO/NaBr for improved printing on cotton fabric with reactive dyes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月19日

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  • Zhangliang Li,
  • Yutong Sheng,
  • Long Xiao,
  • Ping Wang,
  • Li Cui

摘要

As a microbial polysaccharide, xanthan gum (XG) has been widely used in various fields for its rheological characteristics and low cost. However, when it is used as a thickener in textile printing with reactive dyes, the color yield (K/S) is low and it is relatively difficult to wash off from the fabric. The objective of this study was to modify XG with TEMPO (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl)/ NaClO/NaBr system and investigate the printing performance of the oxidatively modified xanthan (MXG) when it was applied to printing cotton fabrics with reactive dye. The results showed that oxidative modification for 20 min resulted in a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.64 ± 0.03 for XG and a significant increase in the color yield (K/S) of the printed fabric from 3.86 ± 0.07 to 7.92 ± 0.09, which was similar with sodium alginate (SA). The removal rate of MXG increased from 79.6 ± 1.2 to 89.2 ± 1.3% comparing to XG, which was close to the removal rate of SA (91.2 ± 1.5%). Consequently, the pattern showed improved uniformity and sharper definition, while the fabric’s color fastness and handle were also enhanced. Analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR), Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (UV), and Zeta potential measurements confirmed the oxidation of XG’s primary hydroxy groups into carboxy groups. The molecular weight of XG decreased significantly after oxidation, as determined by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). Additionally, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) results showed that MXG exhibited lower reactivity with the reactive dye than XG. The MXG presented better rheological properties than XG in the printing paste.