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<p>Multifunctional membranes have recently attracted considerable attention as promising separation materials for the purification of complex oily wastewater, owing to their capability of simultaneously removing various contaminants. However, the organic polymer substrates utilized in multifunctional membrane fabrication suffer from low biodegradability and poor environmental compatibility, and their preparation processes are often technically complex. In this study, a multifunctional membrane based on cotton fabric (CF) was fabricated through the grafting of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the deposition of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs) via a surface micro-dissolution technology. The prepared membrane exhibited excellent oil/water separation, as well as remarkable performance in dye removal, heavy metal ion adsorption, and antibacterial activity. Specifically, it achieved a water flux of 1189&#xa0;L/(m<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;h) for oil/water mixtures while maintaining separation efficiencies above 98%. The modified CF-based membrane also exhibited removal efficiencies of 96.3% for Congo red and 67.8% for chromium ions, respectively. Furthermore, antibacterial assessment revealed that the membrane generated inhibition zones of 8&#xa0;mm for <i>Escherichia coli</i> and 5&#xa0;mm for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> after a 6&#xa0;h contact period, indicating satisfactory antibacterial performance. More than 83% of the membrane’s adsorption was recovered after a facile cleaning step, indicating good regeneration performance. Moreover, the membrane demonstrated satisfactory stability under harsh conditions. This work may provide a facile approach for fabricating multifunctional fabric-based membranes for the effective removal of contaminants in complex oily wastewater.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Multifunctional PEI/TiO2@cotton membrane for oil/water separation, antibacterial, dye and heavy metal ion removal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Jingzhen Li,
  • Jiayi Zhou,
  • Jiatai He,
  • Hao Xu,
  • Peng Wang,
  • Ming Lu,
  • Shu Wang,
  • Tonghua Zhang,
  • Hang Xiao

摘要

Multifunctional membranes have recently attracted considerable attention as promising separation materials for the purification of complex oily wastewater, owing to their capability of simultaneously removing various contaminants. However, the organic polymer substrates utilized in multifunctional membrane fabrication suffer from low biodegradability and poor environmental compatibility, and their preparation processes are often technically complex. In this study, a multifunctional membrane based on cotton fabric (CF) was fabricated through the grafting of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the deposition of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) via a surface micro-dissolution technology. The prepared membrane exhibited excellent oil/water separation, as well as remarkable performance in dye removal, heavy metal ion adsorption, and antibacterial activity. Specifically, it achieved a water flux of 1189 L/(m2 h) for oil/water mixtures while maintaining separation efficiencies above 98%. The modified CF-based membrane also exhibited removal efficiencies of 96.3% for Congo red and 67.8% for chromium ions, respectively. Furthermore, antibacterial assessment revealed that the membrane generated inhibition zones of 8 mm for Escherichia coli and 5 mm for Staphylococcus aureus after a 6 h contact period, indicating satisfactory antibacterial performance. More than 83% of the membrane’s adsorption was recovered after a facile cleaning step, indicating good regeneration performance. Moreover, the membrane demonstrated satisfactory stability under harsh conditions. This work may provide a facile approach for fabricating multifunctional fabric-based membranes for the effective removal of contaminants in complex oily wastewater.

Graphical abstract