<p>Global environmental problems are becoming more and more serious, such as water pollution, soil pollution, air pollution and solid waste disposal are prominent, which damage the ecosystem as well as threaten the health and survival of human beings. Therefore, the search for sustainable and environmentally friendly materials has become a research focus in the fields of materials science and environmental science. Bacterial cellulose, as a natural polymer, is a type of sustainable material synthesized by microorganisms, which has unique advantages in structure and performance, such as high purity, high crystallinity, excellent mechanical properties, strong water-holding capacity, and good biocompatibility, degradability. These characteristics make bacterial cellulose show great application potential in the field of environmental remediation. The purpose of this article is to discuss the application of bacterial cellulose in different environmental problems, and analyze its potential and future research direction.</p>