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<p>This study presents a novel, eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of silicified microcrystalline cellulose (SMCC) from agricultural waste materials. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was isolated from Screw Pine (SP) leaves, while sodium silicate was extracted from Mission Grass (MG) via alkali treatment. Silica sol was synthesised in situ through the hydrolysis of sodium silicate within the lacunae of the MCC, resulting in internally blended material. Two variants of SMCC, viz SMCC10 and SMCC20 were synthesized. Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) films were produced by solution casting method using a customized hot and cold water soluble PVA blend. MCC, pure silica, SMCC10 and SMCC20 were used as fillers to assess and compare their influence on performance of composite film. SMCC20 based composite films with varying filler concentrations were also formulated and compared. The fillers and composites were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TG, FE-SEM and UTM analysis. TGA revealed that SMCC exhibited 5.84% higher thermal stability than MCC, similarly for PVA/SMCC20 it was 5.32% higher than PVA. FE-SEM images showed that SMCC enabled more uniform filler dispersion compared to MCC and nano silica. Notably, PVA/SMCC film exhibited significant improvement in mechanical properties, with tensile strength increased by 37.2% and 38% upon the addition of SMCC10 and SMCC20 respectively. The results confirm that in situ silicification method enhances filler- matrix interaction and presents a greener substitute for conventional filler, underscoring SMCC’s potential in advanced biopolymer applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Synthesis of silicified microcrystalline cellulose (SMCC) for the fabrication of SMCC-poly vinyl alcohol composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月10日

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  • Ajmal Thayyullathil,
  • C. M. Naseera,
  • F. M. Liyakhath,
  • E. K. Vydhehi,
  • T. M. Anjana,
  • Subair Naduparambath,
  • Swetha Sasidharan,
  • K. M. Muhammad Ismayil

摘要

This study presents a novel, eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of silicified microcrystalline cellulose (SMCC) from agricultural waste materials. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was isolated from Screw Pine (SP) leaves, while sodium silicate was extracted from Mission Grass (MG) via alkali treatment. Silica sol was synthesised in situ through the hydrolysis of sodium silicate within the lacunae of the MCC, resulting in internally blended material. Two variants of SMCC, viz SMCC10 and SMCC20 were synthesized. Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) films were produced by solution casting method using a customized hot and cold water soluble PVA blend. MCC, pure silica, SMCC10 and SMCC20 were used as fillers to assess and compare their influence on performance of composite film. SMCC20 based composite films with varying filler concentrations were also formulated and compared. The fillers and composites were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TG, FE-SEM and UTM analysis. TGA revealed that SMCC exhibited 5.84% higher thermal stability than MCC, similarly for PVA/SMCC20 it was 5.32% higher than PVA. FE-SEM images showed that SMCC enabled more uniform filler dispersion compared to MCC and nano silica. Notably, PVA/SMCC film exhibited significant improvement in mechanical properties, with tensile strength increased by 37.2% and 38% upon the addition of SMCC10 and SMCC20 respectively. The results confirm that in situ silicification method enhances filler- matrix interaction and presents a greener substitute for conventional filler, underscoring SMCC’s potential in advanced biopolymer applications.

Graphical Abstract