<p>As environmental regulations become more stringent, research on bio-binders is becoming more and more urgent. In the present study, dialdehyde cellulose was produced by the oxidation of cellulose and crosslinked with aminated erythritol, aminated xylitol, and aminated sorbitol to prepare fully biomass adhesives, respectively. The effect of the branching degree of aminated polysaccharides on adhesive properties was investigated. In addition, an oxidation-activated wood surface was prepared by oxidizing the natural wood surface with the help of a periodate aqueous solution. The aim was to enhance the reactivity between the substrate and the glue so as to construct a chemical bonding interface. The dry, wet, and boiling water strength of glue-laminated specimens constructed with the chemical bonding interface reached 2.54, 1.87, and 1.24&#xa0;MPa, respectively. Compared with the specimens constructed on the natural bonding interface, the chemical bonding specimens’ strength increased by 47.67%, 252.83%, and 490.47%, respectively. Characterization and analysis of the binder and chemical bonding interface were investigated by FTIR, XPS, and ¹³C NMR. The research results confirmed the successful construction of the chemical bonding interface, and it was demonstrated that the fabrication of the chemical bonding interface significantly enhanced bonding properties, particularly water resistance. In addition, this fully biomass adhesive can be applied to a wide range of substrates such as glass, aluminum, and PVC. This work presents new methods and ideas for preparing modified biomass binders and their resulting wood-based composites.</p>