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<p>Cellulose nanofibrils are promising natural reinforcing agents for the production of bio-based composite materials. These biodegradable nanofibrils provide lightweight and high-strength properties. However, cellulose-based composites are highly flammable, which is a major concern for many applications. This work aims to elaborate polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films reinforced with phosphorylated cellulose nanofibrils (P-CNFs) produced from Alfa fibers via microfluidization. The P-CNF gel exhibited typical shear-thinning behavior with a high charge content of ~ 4600&#xa0;mmol Kg<sup>−1</sup> and was further processed with PVA into nanocomposite films via solvent casting. The mechanical and thermal properties of PVA films were evaluated at various P-CNF loadings (0, 5, 10, 20% w/w). The PVA film reinforced with 20 wt% P-CNFs showed a tensile modulus increase of up to 114% and improved flame retardancy by 65%. This study highlights the potential application of phosphorylated cellulose nanofibrils as a reinforcing nanofiller and flame-retardant agent for packaging applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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PVA films with enhanced flame-retardant and mechanical properties by phosphorylated cellulose nanofibrils

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月27日

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  • Soumia Boukind,
  • Wafa Cheikhrouhou,
  • Anass Ait Benhamou,
  • Houssine Khalili,
  • El-Houssaine Ablouh,
  • Mounir El Achaby,
  • Sami Boufi,
  • Houssine Sehaqui

摘要

Cellulose nanofibrils are promising natural reinforcing agents for the production of bio-based composite materials. These biodegradable nanofibrils provide lightweight and high-strength properties. However, cellulose-based composites are highly flammable, which is a major concern for many applications. This work aims to elaborate polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films reinforced with phosphorylated cellulose nanofibrils (P-CNFs) produced from Alfa fibers via microfluidization. The P-CNF gel exhibited typical shear-thinning behavior with a high charge content of ~ 4600 mmol Kg−1 and was further processed with PVA into nanocomposite films via solvent casting. The mechanical and thermal properties of PVA films were evaluated at various P-CNF loadings (0, 5, 10, 20% w/w). The PVA film reinforced with 20 wt% P-CNFs showed a tensile modulus increase of up to 114% and improved flame retardancy by 65%. This study highlights the potential application of phosphorylated cellulose nanofibrils as a reinforcing nanofiller and flame-retardant agent for packaging applications.

Graphical abstract