Optimizing sustainable construction: enhancing thermal insulation performance and energy savings with surface-modified cellulose nanofiber aerogels

This study investigated the significant impact of the silanization modification using Vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMO) and the concentration of Cellulose Nanofibers (CNFs) on the sustainability and thermal insulating potential of CNF aerogels. The research comprehensively explored preparation methods, fundamental characteristics, and the thermal insulation performance of CNF aerogels. It notably identified the superior thermal conductivity of the aerogel with 0.8 wt% CNF concentration, which measured at 0.0265 W/(m·K). Utilizing a miniature wooden house prototype, the research evaluated a roofing system that integrated CNF aerogel and conventional wood, taking into account conductive, convective, and radiative heat transfers. The results revealed a remarkable reduction in energy consumption for air conditioning (up to 81.70%) and associated CO₂ emissions when the aerogel roofing was applied, as compared to the wooden counterpart under the same environmental conditions. These findings not only confirmed the exceptional thermal insulation performance of CNF aerogels but also highlighted their economic feasibility, paving the way for their expanded application in a variety of practical settings.