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<p>Precise ephemerides of planetary satellites are essential for spacecraft mission planning and studying of the central planet’s properties. We present numerical theories for Neptune’s natural satellites—Triton, Nereid, and Proteus—based on ground-based CCD observations and space-based data from the Voyager 2 flyby mission and Gaia space observatory, whose Data Release 3 (DR3) includes positional observations of Triton and Nereid from 2014 to 2019. Parameters of gravity and rotation of Neptune are determined alongside satellites’ orbital parameters.</p>

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Improving the ephemerides of Neptune’s satellites with Gaia, Voyager 2, and ground-based data

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月21日

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  • Ivan Dolgakov,
  • Dmitry Pavlov

摘要

Precise ephemerides of planetary satellites are essential for spacecraft mission planning and studying of the central planet’s properties. We present numerical theories for Neptune’s natural satellites—Triton, Nereid, and Proteus—based on ground-based CCD observations and space-based data from the Voyager 2 flyby mission and Gaia space observatory, whose Data Release 3 (DR3) includes positional observations of Triton and Nereid from 2014 to 2019. Parameters of gravity and rotation of Neptune are determined alongside satellites’ orbital parameters.