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<p>Selective hydrogenation of <i>α</i>,<i>β</i>-unsaturated aldehydes to saturated aldehydes is a transformation of considerable industrial relevance, providing intermediates for pharmaceutical, fragrance, and food additive applications. Conventional nickel-based catalysts, however, often cause over-hydrogenation of the target saturated aldehydes to saturated alcohols, thereby requiring relatively stringent kinetic control. Herein, we report a facile sol-gel route for preparing intermetallic Ni<sub>3</sub>Sb catalysts that achieve 97.1% butenal conversion and 97.5% selectivity toward butanal under mild conditions (25 ℃, 2 MPa H<sub>2</sub>). Mechanistic studies reveal that Sb atoms electronically modulate surface Ni sites, reducing the adsorption strength of saturated aldehyde intermediates while simultaneously elevating the activation barrier of undesired C = O bond hydrogenation. This electronic modulation suppresses over-hydrogenation without compromising C = C bond activation efficiency, offering a promising approach for the design of non-noble metal catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of <i>α</i>,<i>β</i>-unsaturated aldehydes.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Selective C = C Hydrogenation of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes Over Intermetallic Ni3Sb Catalysts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Xuechun Sang,
  • Junhang Zhu,
  • Yibin Wu,
  • Tiejun Wang,
  • Ping Wu,
  • Songbai Qiu

摘要

Selective hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes to saturated aldehydes is a transformation of considerable industrial relevance, providing intermediates for pharmaceutical, fragrance, and food additive applications. Conventional nickel-based catalysts, however, often cause over-hydrogenation of the target saturated aldehydes to saturated alcohols, thereby requiring relatively stringent kinetic control. Herein, we report a facile sol-gel route for preparing intermetallic Ni3Sb catalysts that achieve 97.1% butenal conversion and 97.5% selectivity toward butanal under mild conditions (25 ℃, 2 MPa H2). Mechanistic studies reveal that Sb atoms electronically modulate surface Ni sites, reducing the adsorption strength of saturated aldehyde intermediates while simultaneously elevating the activation barrier of undesired C = O bond hydrogenation. This electronic modulation suppresses over-hydrogenation without compromising C = C bond activation efficiency, offering a promising approach for the design of non-noble metal catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes.

Graphical Abstract