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<p>Phenolic compounds are highly toxic and resistant to biodegradation, posing serious risks to both ecosystems and human health. Therefore, developing efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly catalysts in advanced oxidation processes for treating phenolic wastewater has attached great importance. To address the common shortcomings of single cobalt-based catalysts such as poor structural stability and particles aggregation, a high-performance cobalt-based catalyst (Co@C/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) was prepared by thermal treatment of a dual composite of hydroxides (Mg-Al LDHs) and Co-MOFs. The catalyst displays a three-dimensional confinement architecture integrating Co active sites with porous carbon layers and MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel, which was used for effectively activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade phenolic wastewater. Under optimized conditions, a 95.9% degradation efficiency was achieved for a 100 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> phenol solution within 75&#xa0;min. Mechanistic investigations confirmed that singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) acts as the dominant reactive oxygen species in the Co@C/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/PMS system, while sulfate radicals (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>·−</sup>) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) serve as auxiliary oxidants to synergistically improve degradation efficiency. The synergistic effect between the carbon layer and spinel support modulates the reactive species generation pathway through synergistic effects. The carbon layer promotes electron transfer and inhibits Co particle aggregation, while the spinel support provides structural stability. Together, the structural stability, PMS activation efficiency, and oxidative degradation of phenolic pollutants are greatly enhanced.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Enhanced Persulfate Activation by Synergistic Role Between Co@C and MgAl2O4 Spinel for Effective Treatment of Phenolic Wastewater

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Yifan Ji,
  • Tao Yuan,
  • Wen Huang,
  • Jiahong Liu,
  • Hao Deng,
  • Wei Xiong,
  • Derong Liu

摘要

Phenolic compounds are highly toxic and resistant to biodegradation, posing serious risks to both ecosystems and human health. Therefore, developing efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly catalysts in advanced oxidation processes for treating phenolic wastewater has attached great importance. To address the common shortcomings of single cobalt-based catalysts such as poor structural stability and particles aggregation, a high-performance cobalt-based catalyst (Co@C/MgAl2O4) was prepared by thermal treatment of a dual composite of hydroxides (Mg-Al LDHs) and Co-MOFs. The catalyst displays a three-dimensional confinement architecture integrating Co active sites with porous carbon layers and MgAl2O4 spinel, which was used for effectively activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade phenolic wastewater. Under optimized conditions, a 95.9% degradation efficiency was achieved for a 100 mg·L−1 phenol solution within 75 min. Mechanistic investigations confirmed that singlet oxygen (1O2) acts as the dominant reactive oxygen species in the Co@C/MgAl2O4/PMS system, while sulfate radicals (SO4·−) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) serve as auxiliary oxidants to synergistically improve degradation efficiency. The synergistic effect between the carbon layer and spinel support modulates the reactive species generation pathway through synergistic effects. The carbon layer promotes electron transfer and inhibits Co particle aggregation, while the spinel support provides structural stability. Together, the structural stability, PMS activation efficiency, and oxidative degradation of phenolic pollutants are greatly enhanced.

Graphical Abstract