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<p>The pollution-free combustion and high energy density of hydrogen gas make it a suitable and clean energy carrier. However, its sustainable, safe, and efficient production and transportation are the major challenges that limit the practical applications of hydrogen as a source of energy. In this study, hydrogen gas was produced via Platinum supported on carbon (Pt/C) catalyzed decomposition of formic acid, a liquid hydrogen carrier. Various Pt/C catalysts loaded with 1, 4, 6, 8, and 10% Pt were prepared and utilized as catalysts for the decomposition of formic acid. The 6% Pt/C was found as effective catalyst, achieving maximum gas production within the shortest reaction time under mild conditions (60&#xa0;°C, 0.2&#xa0;M formic acid, 0.04&#xa0;g catalyst) in this study. The progress of the reaction was monitored by measuring the total volume of gas produced by the water displacement method. Kinetic analysis based on a Langmuir–Hinshelwood model yielded an apparent rate constant of 0.2136&#xa0;min<sup>− 1</sup>, indicating efficient surface-mediated catalysis. The energy of activation was calculated as 81.1&#xa0;kJ/mol. It was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrate that optimized Pt/C catalysts enable efficient, low-temperature hydrogen generation from formic acid, highlighting the potential of this system as a viable route for hydrogen storage and on-demand hydrogen production.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Production of Hydrogen Gas via Pt/C Catalyzed Decomposition of Formic Acid

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月7日

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  • Tayyaba Batool,
  • Mansor Hussain,
  • Muhammad Saeed,
  • Nadia Akram,
  • Muhammad Usman,
  • Javeria Hassan,
  • Dania Arif

摘要

The pollution-free combustion and high energy density of hydrogen gas make it a suitable and clean energy carrier. However, its sustainable, safe, and efficient production and transportation are the major challenges that limit the practical applications of hydrogen as a source of energy. In this study, hydrogen gas was produced via Platinum supported on carbon (Pt/C) catalyzed decomposition of formic acid, a liquid hydrogen carrier. Various Pt/C catalysts loaded with 1, 4, 6, 8, and 10% Pt were prepared and utilized as catalysts for the decomposition of formic acid. The 6% Pt/C was found as effective catalyst, achieving maximum gas production within the shortest reaction time under mild conditions (60 °C, 0.2 M formic acid, 0.04 g catalyst) in this study. The progress of the reaction was monitored by measuring the total volume of gas produced by the water displacement method. Kinetic analysis based on a Langmuir–Hinshelwood model yielded an apparent rate constant of 0.2136 min− 1, indicating efficient surface-mediated catalysis. The energy of activation was calculated as 81.1 kJ/mol. It was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrate that optimized Pt/C catalysts enable efficient, low-temperature hydrogen generation from formic acid, highlighting the potential of this system as a viable route for hydrogen storage and on-demand hydrogen production.

Graphical Abstract