Purpose <p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) requires treatment that focuses on two main goals: symptom control and prevention of thromboembolic events. Catheter ablation and left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) constitute two well-established treatment methods in selected patients that accomplish these two goals correspondingly. Recently, there is increasing interest in performing the two procedures concomitantly in a so-called “combined” or “one-stop” procedure. This review aims to summarize the current data on the combined procedure, from the rationale and the techniques to its clinical efficacy, indications and future directions.</p> Methods <p>An extensive search has been conducted using the MEDLINE/PubMed database to identify the relevant studies.</p> Results <p>The reported success rates of the combined procedure are very high and frequently reach 100% when performed by experienced operators. The periprocedural and follow-up complications are low, the procedure is cost-effective, while there is significant stroke, bleeding and arrhythmia incidence reduction that does not seem to be undermined by interference between the two interventions. There are also a few indications that the one-stop procedure has a positive effect on left atrial mechanical function as it has been correlated with left atrial reverse remodeling. On the other hand, some studies suggest possible increase in peri-device leaks (PDLs), compared with LAAO alone, which could in turn negatively affect the clinical outcomes. Most available studies are small and observational, with a lack of randomized controlled trials.</p> Conclusion <p>Catheter ablation and left atrial appendage occlusion can be safely and effectively combined in a cost-effective single procedure in carefully selected patients.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>AF = Atrial Fibrillation, CA = Catheter Ablation, DAPT = Dual Antiplatelet Therapy, LA = Left Atrium, LAAO = Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion, OAC = Oral Anticoagulation, PDL = Peri-device Leakage, RF = Radiofrequency</p> <p></p>