Influence of Perforation on Fracture Initiation in Horizontal Wells and Parameter Optimization

Segmented multi-cluster fracturing is a key technology for unconventional reservoir development, and injection parameters have a significant impact on frictional resistance and fracture initiation pressure. A numerical model of dynamic fracking fracture propagation in horizontal wells was established by considering the flow distribution between the cluster perforations, the stress interference between the fractures, and the fluid-structure interaction, while the impact of various perforation parameters on the perforation friction and initiation pressure was investigated. The numerical simulation results showed that a more significant perforation density, aperture, and depth decreased the hydraulic fracture initiation pressure. The initiation pressure displayed an initial decline at a higher perforation azimuth angle, followed by an increase while exhibiting a decreasing-increasing-decreasing fluctuation trend at a higher perforation phase angle. By extracting the influence of different apertures and hole numbers on the wellbore friction, The optimization template for perforation diameter and perforation quantity corresponding to different hole friction in flow limiting fracturing is provided. This provides theoretical support for optimizing the perforation parameters of segmented cluster fracturing in horizontal wells.