Purpose <p>This structured literature review has been conducted to identify and map existing research on patient understanding of breast density, its implications for breast cancer risk, and the effects of breast density notification laws on supplemental screening and patient-provider communication. The study aimed to synthesize key research themes and identify gaps in the literature related to breast density awareness, communication, and policy impacts.</p> Methods <p>The public health and medical literature were searched in the National Library of Medicine’s online database, PubMed. Articles were limited to U.S.-based research projects, and specifically excluded other literature reviews.</p> Results <p>This examination resulted in a review of 69 articles and themes that included breast density risk, racial differences and disparities, the impact of the notification laws on knowledge and reactions regarding notification, how notification laws impacted supplemental screening, the impacts within vulnerable populations, provider knowledge, patient’s understanding and perceptions, and effectiveness and comprehension of potential educational and decision aid materials used.</p> Conclusion <p>Based on the review, recommendations for future research and improved communications—both patient notifications and provider training—are made.</p>