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<p>This study evaluates the mucoadhesive properties of <i>Opuntia</i>-carrageenan superporous hydrogel (OPM-CRG SPH) in vitro and in vivo, assessing its potential as a biomaterial for gastrointestinal (GI) mucoadhesive drug delivery systems.&#xa0;Mucoadhesive polymers are critical for anchoring drug delivery devices to specific mucosal sites, enabling localized and sustained drug presence. By prolonging residence time at the site of application, such biomaterials hold the potential to improve drug bioavailability and therapeutic outcomes, particularly in GI delivery platforms. This research explores the mucoadhesive performance of OPM-CRG SPH, which could advance the development of effective GI mucoadhesive drug delivery systems.&#xa0;In vitro mucoadhesion was tested using goat GI mucosa and a texture analyzer, measuring key parameters such as work of adhesion (W<sub>ad</sub>) and maximum detachment force (F<sub>max</sub>) under varying instrumental conditions. In vivo GI-retention studies were conducted on New Zealand rabbits, using X-ray radiography to monitor the formulation’s retention in the GI tract (GIT).&#xa0;Mucoadhesion increased with contact time and force but exhibited minimal change by withdrawal speed. Distinct mucoadhesive behaviors were observed across different GIT segments, with the highest F<sub>max</sub> and W<sub>ad</sub> values recorded in large intestinal tissues. In vivo studies confirmed maximum adherence at higher pH levels, consistent with in vitro findings. X-ray imaging demonstrated successful 8 to 10-h mucoadhesion in rabbits.&#xa0;The hydrogel exhibits promising mucoadhesive properties, making it a viable candidate for GI drug delivery systems. Its ability to adhere effectively across various GI segments and sustain prolonged retention highlights its potential for enhancing drug delivery efficiency.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Evaluation of mucoadhesive properties of Opuntia-carrageenan superporous hydrogel on gastrointestinal mucosa

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月27日

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  • Itishree Jogamaya Das,
  • Trishna Bal,
  • Himansu Bhusan Samal,
  • Abu Mohiuddin

摘要

This study evaluates the mucoadhesive properties of Opuntia-carrageenan superporous hydrogel (OPM-CRG SPH) in vitro and in vivo, assessing its potential as a biomaterial for gastrointestinal (GI) mucoadhesive drug delivery systems. Mucoadhesive polymers are critical for anchoring drug delivery devices to specific mucosal sites, enabling localized and sustained drug presence. By prolonging residence time at the site of application, such biomaterials hold the potential to improve drug bioavailability and therapeutic outcomes, particularly in GI delivery platforms. This research explores the mucoadhesive performance of OPM-CRG SPH, which could advance the development of effective GI mucoadhesive drug delivery systems. In vitro mucoadhesion was tested using goat GI mucosa and a texture analyzer, measuring key parameters such as work of adhesion (Wad) and maximum detachment force (Fmax) under varying instrumental conditions. In vivo GI-retention studies were conducted on New Zealand rabbits, using X-ray radiography to monitor the formulation’s retention in the GI tract (GIT). Mucoadhesion increased with contact time and force but exhibited minimal change by withdrawal speed. Distinct mucoadhesive behaviors were observed across different GIT segments, with the highest Fmax and Wad values recorded in large intestinal tissues. In vivo studies confirmed maximum adherence at higher pH levels, consistent with in vitro findings. X-ray imaging demonstrated successful 8 to 10-h mucoadhesion in rabbits. The hydrogel exhibits promising mucoadhesive properties, making it a viable candidate for GI drug delivery systems. Its ability to adhere effectively across various GI segments and sustain prolonged retention highlights its potential for enhancing drug delivery efficiency.

Graphical abstract