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<p>Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a widely used technology for treating organic waste and producing renewable energy; however, environmental stresses, such as heavy-metal contamination, can significantly affect its stability. This study examines the potential of an integrated anaerobic digestion–microbial electrolysis cell (AD-MEC) system to enhance process resilience to heavy-metal toxicity. The performance of the AD-MEC was evaluated using cadmium (Cd<sup>2</sup>⁺), copper (Cu<sup>2</sup>⁺), nickel (Ni<sup>2</sup>⁺), iron (Fe<sup>2</sup>⁺), chromium (Cr<sup>2</sup>⁺), and zinc (Zn<sup>2</sup>⁺), and compared with that of a conventional AD system. The AD-MEC system exhibited greater resistance to heavy-metal inhibition, achieving higher maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and methane content than the conventional AD system. The order of heavy-metal inhibition was Zn<sup>2</sup>⁺ &gt; Cu<sup>2</sup>⁺ &gt; Cr<sup>2</sup>⁺ &gt; Ni<sup>2</sup>⁺ &gt; Cd<sup>2</sup>⁺ &gt; Fe<sup>2</sup>⁺ for the traditional AD and Cu<sup>2</sup> &gt; Cr<sup>2+</sup> for the AD-MEC. These results highlight the potential of bioelectrochemical integration to enhance the robustness of anaerobic digestion under heavy-metal stress.</p>

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Bioelectrochemical enhancement of anaerobic digestion under heavy metal stress: a comparative study of AD and AD-MEC systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Amin Arvin,
  • Fatemeh Rezaalizadeh,
  • Mohammad Mehdi Amin,
  • Morteza Hosseini,
  • Ghasem Najafpour Darzi,
  • Younes Ghasemi

摘要

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a widely used technology for treating organic waste and producing renewable energy; however, environmental stresses, such as heavy-metal contamination, can significantly affect its stability. This study examines the potential of an integrated anaerobic digestion–microbial electrolysis cell (AD-MEC) system to enhance process resilience to heavy-metal toxicity. The performance of the AD-MEC was evaluated using cadmium (Cd2⁺), copper (Cu2⁺), nickel (Ni2⁺), iron (Fe2⁺), chromium (Cr2⁺), and zinc (Zn2⁺), and compared with that of a conventional AD system. The AD-MEC system exhibited greater resistance to heavy-metal inhibition, achieving higher maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and methane content than the conventional AD system. The order of heavy-metal inhibition was Zn2⁺ > Cu2⁺ > Cr2⁺ > Ni2⁺ > Cd2⁺ > Fe2⁺ for the traditional AD and Cu2 > Cr2+ for the AD-MEC. These results highlight the potential of bioelectrochemical integration to enhance the robustness of anaerobic digestion under heavy-metal stress.