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<p>This study demonstrates the valorization of <i>Persea americana</i> (avocado) seed waste into a high-performance, biochar-based green catalyst for sustainable biofuel production. Activated biochar (ABC) was produced via KOH activation and utilized as a support for nickel-active species. Nickel was loaded through incipient wetness impregnation, followed by thermal reduction at 400&#xa0;°C to transition NiO to metallic Ni<sup>0</sup>. KOH activation significantly enhanced the support’s textural properties, increasing surface area to 584 m<sup>2</sup>/g and pore volume to 0.327 cm<sup>3</sup>/g. XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed the formation of a turbostratic carbon framework and the successful anchoring of face-centered cubic (fcc) metallic nickel. The resulting 10rNi/ABC catalyst featured a mesoporous architecture (average pore diameter 6.93&#xa0;nm), which is critical for mitigating mass-transfer limitations during the processing of bulky triglycerides. The synergy between the defect-rich carbon support and well-dispersed nickel nanoparticles yielded a stable, highly active catalyst for hydrodeoxygenation. This research provides a circular economy framework for transforming agricultural residues into high-value materials for green energy applications.</p>

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Biochar-based green nickel catalyst from Persea americana seed waste: a sustainable approach to supported metal catalysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月14日

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  • Sewunet Abebayehu,
  • Jabasingh S. Anuradha,
  • Anteneh Marelign,
  • Vimal Katiyar,
  • Manoj Kumar Dhal,
  • Shegaw Ahmed Mohammed

摘要

This study demonstrates the valorization of Persea americana (avocado) seed waste into a high-performance, biochar-based green catalyst for sustainable biofuel production. Activated biochar (ABC) was produced via KOH activation and utilized as a support for nickel-active species. Nickel was loaded through incipient wetness impregnation, followed by thermal reduction at 400 °C to transition NiO to metallic Ni0. KOH activation significantly enhanced the support’s textural properties, increasing surface area to 584 m2/g and pore volume to 0.327 cm3/g. XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed the formation of a turbostratic carbon framework and the successful anchoring of face-centered cubic (fcc) metallic nickel. The resulting 10rNi/ABC catalyst featured a mesoporous architecture (average pore diameter 6.93 nm), which is critical for mitigating mass-transfer limitations during the processing of bulky triglycerides. The synergy between the defect-rich carbon support and well-dispersed nickel nanoparticles yielded a stable, highly active catalyst for hydrodeoxygenation. This research provides a circular economy framework for transforming agricultural residues into high-value materials for green energy applications.