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<p>Beta diversity provides critical insights into ecosystem dynamics by capturing biodiversity changes across heterogeneous environments. To examine these dynamics in urban streams, we analyzed seasonal beta diversity of fish communities in the Anyang Stream network (South Korea) using eDNA metabarcoding and complementary beta diversity frameworks. We examined whether season shifts in beta diversity were associated with spatial environmental and biotic factors, and whether the relative contributions of richness differences and species replacement differed between summer and fall. We also expected that upstream, less urbanized sites and sensitive species would make relatively high contributions to community distinctiveness. In addition, we expected that stream morphology and urbanization would show different associations with the replacement and richness-difference components of local contribution to beta diversity (LCBD). The Baselga-family decomposition revealed that richness differences dominated overall, particularly in summer, while species replacement increased in fall. The variance-based approach further identified upstream reaches and the sensitive species <i>Phoxinus oxycephalus</i> as consistent drivers of site and species uniqueness. The secondary contributors varied seasonally, with <i>Zacco platypus</i> shaping uniqueness in summer and the invasive <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> in fall. Analyses also indicated that sensitive species sustained site uniqueness, whereas dominant and non-native species promoted species replacement, especially in downstream reaches. Environmental drivers of LCBD varied across seasons, but upstream, less-urbanized habitats recurrently supported distinctive communities. These findings underscore the conservation importance of protecting upstream habitats while managing invasive species in downstream reaches. Our results also demonstrate that integrating eDNA metabarcoding with complementary beta-diversity frameworks can improve the assessment of seasonal differences and longitudinal structuring of fish communities in urban aquatic ecosystems.</p>

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Evaluating seasonal beta diversity patterns of fish communities through environmental DNA in the urban stream network

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Yujin Kang,
  • Yonghwan Kim,
  • Youngkeun Song

摘要

Beta diversity provides critical insights into ecosystem dynamics by capturing biodiversity changes across heterogeneous environments. To examine these dynamics in urban streams, we analyzed seasonal beta diversity of fish communities in the Anyang Stream network (South Korea) using eDNA metabarcoding and complementary beta diversity frameworks. We examined whether season shifts in beta diversity were associated with spatial environmental and biotic factors, and whether the relative contributions of richness differences and species replacement differed between summer and fall. We also expected that upstream, less urbanized sites and sensitive species would make relatively high contributions to community distinctiveness. In addition, we expected that stream morphology and urbanization would show different associations with the replacement and richness-difference components of local contribution to beta diversity (LCBD). The Baselga-family decomposition revealed that richness differences dominated overall, particularly in summer, while species replacement increased in fall. The variance-based approach further identified upstream reaches and the sensitive species Phoxinus oxycephalus as consistent drivers of site and species uniqueness. The secondary contributors varied seasonally, with Zacco platypus shaping uniqueness in summer and the invasive Micropterus salmoides in fall. Analyses also indicated that sensitive species sustained site uniqueness, whereas dominant and non-native species promoted species replacement, especially in downstream reaches. Environmental drivers of LCBD varied across seasons, but upstream, less-urbanized habitats recurrently supported distinctive communities. These findings underscore the conservation importance of protecting upstream habitats while managing invasive species in downstream reaches. Our results also demonstrate that integrating eDNA metabarcoding with complementary beta-diversity frameworks can improve the assessment of seasonal differences and longitudinal structuring of fish communities in urban aquatic ecosystems.