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<p>Effective biological control requires diverse natural enemies, but little is known about the parasitoid biodiversity in citrus orchard ecosystems. Here, we characterize the species richness, community structure and seasonal dynamics of parasitoids associated with the citrus leafminer moth <i>Phyllocnistis citrella</i>, a major threat to global citrus production. Through year-round field monitoring (February 2023-January 2024) in Guangzhou, China, seven parasitoid species were identified from two families: six Eulophidae (<i>Citrostichus phyllocnistoides</i>, <i>Cirrospilus quadristriatus</i>, <i>Quadrastichus citrella</i>, <i>Zaommomentedon brevipetiolatus</i>, <i>Pnigalio</i> sp., <i>Chrysonotomyia</i> sp.) and one Encyrtidae (<i>Ageniaspis citricola</i>). The annual dynamics revealed that parasitoids were present throughout the year, exhibiting a bimodal population pattern. Among the parasitoids, <i>C. phyllocnistoides</i> dominated, accounting for 51% of the total parasitoid population, followed by <i>C. quadristriatus</i> and <i>Q. citrella</i>, all of these demonstrated broad temperature adaptability. In contrast, <i>Chrysonotomyia</i> sp. was only observed when temperatures exceeded 22℃. Our research clarifies the significance and importance of parasitoid biodiversity investigation for suppressing citrus pests across seasonal cycles, offering science-based strategies to safeguard natural enemy biodiversity and stabilize pest management in citrus-growing regions experiencing environmental fluctuations.</p>

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Diversity and seasonal dynamics of parasitoid communities sustaining biocontrol of citrus leafminer moth Phyllocnistis citrella

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

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  • Xin-Yi Chen,
  • Yu-Tong Zhou,
  • Pei-Ping Xu,
  • Ze-Yun Fan,
  • Li-He Zhang,
  • Guillaume Nyagatare,
  • Bao-Li Qiu

摘要

Effective biological control requires diverse natural enemies, but little is known about the parasitoid biodiversity in citrus orchard ecosystems. Here, we characterize the species richness, community structure and seasonal dynamics of parasitoids associated with the citrus leafminer moth Phyllocnistis citrella, a major threat to global citrus production. Through year-round field monitoring (February 2023-January 2024) in Guangzhou, China, seven parasitoid species were identified from two families: six Eulophidae (Citrostichus phyllocnistoides, Cirrospilus quadristriatus, Quadrastichus citrella, Zaommomentedon brevipetiolatus, Pnigalio sp., Chrysonotomyia sp.) and one Encyrtidae (Ageniaspis citricola). The annual dynamics revealed that parasitoids were present throughout the year, exhibiting a bimodal population pattern. Among the parasitoids, C. phyllocnistoides dominated, accounting for 51% of the total parasitoid population, followed by C. quadristriatus and Q. citrella, all of these demonstrated broad temperature adaptability. In contrast, Chrysonotomyia sp. was only observed when temperatures exceeded 22℃. Our research clarifies the significance and importance of parasitoid biodiversity investigation for suppressing citrus pests across seasonal cycles, offering science-based strategies to safeguard natural enemy biodiversity and stabilize pest management in citrus-growing regions experiencing environmental fluctuations.