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<p>Crossandra (<i>Crossandra infundibuliformis</i> L.) is an important ornamental crop widely cultivated for its aesthetic appeal, loose flower and use in traditional medicine. Wide variability exits among crossandra genotypes, primarily in flower color, and pigment content. In the present study, sixteen Crossandra genotypes were evaluated floral morphological traits, CIELAB color coordinates, total carotenoid content, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant potential (DPPH and FRAP assays). Significant variability was observed across genotypes for flower length (3.03–4.58&#xa0;cm), flower diameter (1.22–3.77&#xa0;cm), and 100 flower fresh weight (3.01–8.32&#xa0;g). Color parameters (L*, a*, b*, hue, and chroma) showed vide variation, reflecting differences from pale greenish to dark orange petals. The total carotenoid content ranged from 0.12 to 11.20&#xa0;mg/g dry weight and was positively correlated with color intensity. TPC varied between 32.99 and 78.51&#xa0;mg GAE/g, and the TFC ranged from 9.60 to 25.01&#xa0;mg CE/g. The antioxidant activity also showed significant variation. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between antioxidant potential and phenolic/flavonoid content. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed three major components explaining 92.41% of the total variance, separating floral morphology, pigmentation, and phytochemical traits. Two-way hierarchical clustering grouped genotypes into distinct clusters, effectively differentiated ornamental traits from biochemical traits. These findings offer valuable insights for the targeted selection of crossandra genotypes for ornamental breeding or functional applications as a natural source of antioxidants and bioactive compounds.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Comparative Evaluation of Floral Traits, Color Coordinates, and Bioactive Potential in Crossandra (Crossandra infundibuliformis L.) Genotypes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • D. Mahesh Reddy,
  • S. A. Safeena,
  • M. Arivalagan,
  • P. T. Srinivas,
  • P. Naveen Kumar,
  • N. Chandrashekar,
  • Priti Sonavane,
  • G. C. Monika

摘要

Crossandra (Crossandra infundibuliformis L.) is an important ornamental crop widely cultivated for its aesthetic appeal, loose flower and use in traditional medicine. Wide variability exits among crossandra genotypes, primarily in flower color, and pigment content. In the present study, sixteen Crossandra genotypes were evaluated floral morphological traits, CIELAB color coordinates, total carotenoid content, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant potential (DPPH and FRAP assays). Significant variability was observed across genotypes for flower length (3.03–4.58 cm), flower diameter (1.22–3.77 cm), and 100 flower fresh weight (3.01–8.32 g). Color parameters (L*, a*, b*, hue, and chroma) showed vide variation, reflecting differences from pale greenish to dark orange petals. The total carotenoid content ranged from 0.12 to 11.20 mg/g dry weight and was positively correlated with color intensity. TPC varied between 32.99 and 78.51 mg GAE/g, and the TFC ranged from 9.60 to 25.01 mg CE/g. The antioxidant activity also showed significant variation. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between antioxidant potential and phenolic/flavonoid content. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed three major components explaining 92.41% of the total variance, separating floral morphology, pigmentation, and phytochemical traits. Two-way hierarchical clustering grouped genotypes into distinct clusters, effectively differentiated ornamental traits from biochemical traits. These findings offer valuable insights for the targeted selection of crossandra genotypes for ornamental breeding or functional applications as a natural source of antioxidants and bioactive compounds.

Graphical Abstract